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We characterize Nash equilibrium by postulating coherent behavior across varying games. Nash equilibrium is the only solution concept that satisfies the following axioms: (i) strictly dominant actions are played with positive probability,…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-07-02 Florian Brandl , Felix Brandt

Solution concepts such as Nash Equilibria, Correlated Equilibria, and Coarse Correlated Equilibria are useful components for many multiagent machine learning algorithms. Unfortunately, solving a normal-form game could take prohibitive or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Luke Marris , Ian Gemp , Thomas Anthony , Andrea Tacchetti , Siqi Liu , Karl Tuyls

This paper investigates the Nash equilibrium of a bi-objective optimal control problem governed by the Stokes equations. A multi-objective Nash strategy is formulated, and fundamental theoretical results are established, including the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Kedarnath Buda , B. V. Rathish Kumar , Anil Rathi

Implementation theory has made significant advances in characterizing which social choice functions can be implemented in Nash equilibrium, but these results typically assume sophisticated strategic reasoning by agents. However, evidence…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-14 Soumen Banerjee , Yi-Chun Chen , Yifei Sun

We study sequential decision-making when the agent's internal model class is misspecified. Within the infinite-horizon Berk-Nash framework, stable behavior arises as a fixed point: the agent acts optimally relative to a subjective model,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Quanyan Zhu , Zhengye Han

We design a distributed algorithm to seek generalized Nash equilibria of a robust game with uncertain coupled constraints. Due to the uncertainty of parameters in set constraints, we aim to find a generalized Nash equilibrium in the worst…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Gehui Xu , Guanpu Chen , Hongsheng Qi

We develop an equilibrium framework that relaxes the standard assumption that people have a correctly-specified view of their environment. Each player is characterized by a (possibly misspecified) subjective model, which describes the set…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2019-11-22 Ignacio Esponda , Demian Pouzo

We study policy optimization algorithms for computing correlated equilibria in multi-player general-sum Markov Games. Previous results achieve $O(T^{-1/2})$ convergence rate to a correlated equilibrium and an accelerated $O(T^{-3/4})$…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Yang Cai , Haipeng Luo , Chen-Yu Wei , Weiqiang Zheng

Value alignment has emerged in recent years as a basic principle to produce beneficial and mindful Artificial Intelligence systems. It mainly states that autonomous entities should behave in a way that is aligned with our human values. In…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Nieves Montes , Carles Sierra

Computational aspects of solution notions such as Nash equilibrium have been extensively studied, including settings where the ultimate goal is to find an equilibrium that possesses some additional properties. Furthermore, in order to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Bruce M. Kapron , Koosha Samieefar

We investigate Nash equilibrium learning in a competitive Markov Game (MG) environment, where multiple agents compete, and multiple Nash equilibria can exist. In particular, for an oligopolistic dynamic pricing environment, exact Nash…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Larkin Liu

We study the global convergence of policy optimization for finding the Nash equilibria (NE) in zero-sum linear quadratic (LQ) games. To this end, we first investigate the landscape of LQ games, viewing it as a nonconvex-nonconcave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

The works of (Daskalakis et al., 2009, 2022; Jin et al., 2022; Deng et al., 2023) indicate that computing Nash equilibria in multi-player Markov games is a computationally hard task. This fact raises the question of whether or not…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Fivos Kalogiannis , Ioannis Panageas

Automated design of multi-agent interactions with desirable equilibrium outcomes is inherently difficult due to the computational hardness, non-uniqueness, and instability of the resulting equilibria. In this work, we propose the use of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Vinzenz Thoma , Georgios Piliouras , Luke Marris

This work proposes a novel set of techniques for approximating a Nash equilibrium in a finite, normal-form game. It achieves this by constructing a new reformulation as solving a parameterized system of multivariate polynomials with tunable…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ian Gemp

Nonzero-sum stochastic differential games with impulse controls offer a realistic and far-reaching modelling framework for applications within finance, energy markets, and other areas, but the difficulty in solving such problems has…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-29 Diego Zabaljauregui

This paper considers an optimization problem for a dynamical system whose evolution depends on a collection of binary decision variables. We develop scalable approximation algorithms with provable suboptimality bounds to provide…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-10-31 Insoon Yang , Samuel A. Burden , Ram Rajagopal , S. Shankar Sastry , Claire J. Tomlin

We propose fully-distributed algorithms for Nash equilibrium seeking in aggregative games over networks. We first consider the case where local constraints are present and we design an algorithm combining, for each agent, (i) the projected…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-04 Guido Carnevale , Filippo Fabiani , Filiberto Fele , Kostas Margellos , Giuseppe Notarstefano

We consider a nonzero-sum N-player Markov game on an abstract measurable state space with compact metric action spaces. The payoff functions are bounded Carath\'eodory functions and the transitions of the system are assumed to have a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-09 François Dufour , Tomás Prieto-Rumeau

The standard risk minimization paradigm of machine learning is brittle when operating in environments whose test distributions are different from the training distribution due to spurious correlations. Training on data from many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Kartik Ahuja , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Kush R. Varshney , Amit Dhurandhar