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The quantum theory of measurement has been a matter of debate for over eighty years. Most of the discussion has focused on theoretical issues with the consequence that operational prescriptions, which are integral to experimental physics,…
Learning from demonstration is one of the most promising methods to counteract the challenging long-term trends in repetitive industrial assembly. It offers not only a programming technique that is accessible to workers on the shop floor,…
Background: Previous research highlights that common misconceptions about developer productivity lead to harmful and inaccurate evaluations of software work, pointing to the need for organizations to differentiate between measures of…
Citations in science are being studied from several perspectives, among which approaches such as scientometrics and science of science. In this chapter I briefly review some of the literature on citations, citation distributions and models…
The ubiquity of computation in modern scientific research inflicts new challenges for reproducibility. While most journals now require code and data be made available, the standards for organization, annotation, and validation remain lax,…
Ordered response scales are ubiquitous in economics, but their interpretation rests on an untested assumption: that numerical labels reflect equal psychological intervals. The contribution of this paper is to provide a systematic assessment…
This paper applies a new model and analytical tool to measure and study contemporary globalization processes in collaborative science - a world in which scientists, scholars, technicians and engineers interact within a 'grid' of…
Modern research heavily relies on software. A significant challenge researchers face is understanding the complex software used in specific research fields. We target two scenarios in this context, namely long onboarding times for newcomers…
Writing-to-learn initiatives such as Writing Across the Curriculum or Writing in the Disciplines occupy the center of writing programs nationwide. Nevertheless, research to support the core of the writing-to-learn philosophy--that the…
The concept of progress clearly percolates the activities in science, technology, economy and society. It is a driving vector (probably the main vector) of our daily activity as researchers. The InThisGen initiative, proudly displayed in…
As quantum computing advances from theoretical promise to experimental reality, the need for rigorous experiment tracking becomes critical. Drawing inspiration from best practices in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI),…
Large language models such as ChatGPT have increased scholarly output, but whether this productivity boost produces genuine intellectual advancement remains untested. I address this gap by measuring the semantic novelty of 13,847 articles…
While philanthropic support for science has increased in the past decade, there is limited quantitative knowledge about the patterns that characterize it and the mechanisms that drive its distribution. Here, we map philanthropic funding to…
The Knowledge Tracing (KT) task focuses on predicting a learner's future performance based on the historical interactions. The knowledge state plays a key role in learning process. However, considering that the knowledge state is influenced…
This is an introduction to measure theory, integration and function spaces, with all the needed preliminaries included, and with some applications included as well. We first discuss some basic motivations, coming from discrete probability,…
In this chapter we build upon Moed's conceptual contributions on the importance of the policy context when using and interpreting scientometric indicators. We focus on the use of indicators in research evaluation regarding…
We give an abridged account of a continued string of studies in condensed matter physics and in complex systems that span five decades. We provide links to access abstracts and full texts of a selected list of publications. The studies were…
Technology applied in education can provide great benefits and overcome challenges by facilitating access to learning objects anywhere and anytime. However, technology alone is not enough, since it requires suitable planning and learning…
Impact of science is one of the most important topics in scientometrics. Recent developments show a fundamental change in impact measurements from impact on science to impact on society. Since impact measurement is currently in a state of…
Quantum measurement is a fundamental concept in the field of quantum mechanics. The action of quantum measurement, leading the superposition state of the measured quantum system into a definite output state, not only reconciles…