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Generative AI (GenAI) image tools are increasingly used in design practice, enabling rapid ideation but offering limited support for refinement tasks such as adjusting layout, scale, or visual attributes. While text prompts and inpainting…
Environment designers in the entertainment industry create imaginative 2D and 3D scenes for games, films, and television, requiring both fine-grained control of specific details and consistent global coherence. Designers have increasingly…
Generative AI for the creation of images is becoming a staple in the toolkit of digital artists and visual designers. The interaction with these systems is mediated by \emph{prompting}, a process in which users write a short text to…
The use of generative AI (GenAI) tools has fundamentally transformed software development. Central to this shift is prompt engineering, the practice of crafting textual prompts to guide GenAI tools in generating useful content. Although…
The emergence of generative AI (GenAI) models, including large language models and text-to-image models, has significantly advanced the synergy between humans and AI with not only their outstanding capability but more importantly, the…
Generative AI models are increasingly being integrated into human task workflows, enabling the production of expressive content across a wide range of contexts. Unlike traditional human-AI design methods, the new approach to designing…
Text-based prompting remains the predominant interaction paradigm in generative AI, yet it often introduces friction for novice users such as small business owners (SBOs), who struggle to articulate creative goals in domain-specific…
Learning to use feature-rich software is a persistent challenge, but generative AI tools promise to lower this barrier by replacing complex navigation with natural language prompts. We investigated how people approach prompt-based tools for…
Text-to-image models are enabling efficient design space exploration, rapidly generating images from text prompts. However, many generative AI tools are imperfect for product design applications as they are not built for the goals and…
Design is a non-linear, reflective process in which practitioners engage with visual, semantic, and other expressive materials to explore, iterate, and refine ideas. As Generative AI (GenAI) becomes integrated into professional design…
Studies of Generative AI (GenAI)-assisted creative workflows have focused on individuals overcoming challenges of prompting to produce what they envisioned. When designers work in teams, how do collaboration and prompting influence each…
When designing a program, both novice programmers and seasoned developers alike often sketch out -- or, perhaps more famously, whiteboard -- their ideas. Yet despite the introduction of natively multimodal Generative AI models, work on…
Traditional visualisation designers often start with sketches before implementation. With generative AI, these sketches can be turned into AI-generated visualisations using specific prompts. However, guiding AI to create compelling visuals…
Feedback is crucial for every design process, such as user interface (UI) design, and automating design critiques can significantly improve the efficiency of the design workflow. Although existing multimodal large language models (LLMs)…
Chat-based prompts respond with verbose linear-sequential texts, making it difficult to explore and refine ambiguous intents, back up and reinterpret, or shift directions in creative AI-assisted design work. AI-Instruments instead embody…
Generative AI (GenAI) tools are radically expanding the scope and capability of automation in knowledge work such as academic research. While promising for augmenting cognition and streamlining processes, AI-assisted research tools may also…
Since high dropout rates in online learning platforms were reported, various factors affecting learner retention have been identified, with learners' perceptions of their experiences playing a crucial role in shaping their persistence. For…
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has emerged as a fundamental component of intelligent interactive systems, enabling the automatic generation of multimodal media content. The continuous enhancement in the quality of Artificial…
Text prompt is the most common way for human-generative AI (GenAI) communication. Though convenient, it is challenging to convey fine-grained and referential intent. One promising solution is to combine text prompts with precise GUI…
Generative AI models offer many possibilities for text creation and transformation. Current graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for prompting them lack support for iterative exploration, as they do not represent prompts as actionable interface…