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Several recent works seek to develop foundation models specifically for medical applications, adapting general-purpose large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) via continued pretraining on publicly available biomedical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Daniel P. Jeong , Saurabh Garg , Zachary C. Lipton , Michael Oberst

Visual grounding refers to the ability of a model to identify a region within some visual input that matches a textual description. Consequently, a model equipped with visual grounding capabilities can target a wide range of applications in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Georgios Pantazopoulos , Eda B. Özyiğit

The advent of large vision-language models (LVLMs) represents a remarkable advance in the quest for artificial general intelligence. However, the model's effectiveness in both specialized and general tasks warrants further investigation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yao Jiang , Xinyu Yan , Ge-Peng Ji , Keren Fu , Meijun Sun , Huan Xiong , Deng-Ping Fan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as general purpose tools for addressing a variety of complex computer vision problems. Such models have been shown to be highly capable, but, at the same time, also lacking some basic visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Shivam Chandhok , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Leonid Sigal

Human language is grounded on multimodal knowledge including visual knowledge like colors, sizes, and shapes. However, current large-scale pre-trained language models rely on text-only self-supervised training with massive text data, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Haoyu Song , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

Through a controlled study, we identify a systematic deficiency in the multimodal grounding of Vision Language Models (VLMs). While VLMs can recall factual associations when provided a textual reference to an entity; their ability to do so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Dhananjay Ashok , Ashutosh Chaubey , Hirona J. Arai , Jonathan May , Jesse Thomason

The advent of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in medical image analysis has the potential to help process multimodal inputs and increase performance over traditional inference methods. However, when considering the domain in which these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Sparsh Bansal , Mingyang Wu , Xin Wang , Shu Hu

Several recent works seek to adapt general-purpose large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) for medical applications through continued pretraining on publicly available biomedical corpora. These works typically claim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Daniel P. Jeong , Pranav Mani , Saurabh Garg , Zachary C. Lipton , Michael Oberst

Integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into visual domain tasks, resulting in visual-LLMs (V-LLMs), has enabled exceptional performance in vision-language tasks, particularly for visual question answering (VQA). However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Kanchana Ranasinghe , Satya Narayan Shukla , Omid Poursaeed , Michael S. Ryoo , Tsung-Yu Lin

Multiple works have emerged to push the boundaries of multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) towards pixel-level understanding. The current trend is to train MLLMs with pixel-level grounding supervision in terms of masks on large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mennatullah Siam

Human-scene vision-language tasks are increasingly prevalent in diverse social applications, yet recent advancements predominantly rely on models specifically tailored to individual tasks. Emerging research indicates that large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Dawei Dai , Xu Long , Li Yutang , Zhang Yuanhui , Shuyin Xia

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at complex visual tasks such as VQA and chart understanding, yet recent work suggests they struggle with simple perceptual tests. We present an evaluation of vision-language models' capacity for nonlocal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shmuel Berman , Jia Deng

Vision-language models have become increasingly powerful for tasks that require an understanding of both visual and linguistic elements, bridging the gap between these modalities. In the context of multimodal clinical AI, there is a growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Masoud Monajatipoor , Zi-Yi Dou , Aichi Chien , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

As Vision-Language Models (VLMs) grow in sophistication, their ability to perform reasoning is coming under increasing supervision. While they excel at many tasks, their grasp of fundamental scientific principles, such as physics, remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Pranav Pawar , Kavish Shah , Akshat Bhalani , Komal Kasat , Dev Mittal , Hadi Gala , Deepali Patil , Nikita Raichada , Monali Deshmukh

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) has great potential for developing multifunctional and general medical diagnostic capabilities. However, aligning medical images with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to reports with a high SNR presents a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Weiwei Cao , Jianpeng Zhang , Zhongyi Shui , Sinuo Wang , Zeli Chen , Xi Li , Le Lu , Xianghua Ye , Tingbo Liang , Qi Zhang , Ling Zhang

Foundation Models (FMs), e.g., large language models, possess attributes of intelligence which offer promise to endow a robot with the contextual understanding necessary to navigate complex, unstructured tasks in the wild. We see three core…

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a range of tasks that integrate visual and textual understanding, such as image captioning and visual question answering. These models are trained on large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaomei Zhang , Hanyu Zheng , Xiangyu Zhu , Jinghuan Wei , Junhong Zou , Zhen Lei , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

This work investigates the capabilities of current vision-language models (VLMs) in visual understanding and attribute measurement of primitive shapes using a benchmark focused on controlled 2D shape configurations with variations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ankit Yadav , Lingqiao Liu , Yuankai Qi

Vision-language models (VLMs) offer a promising paradigm for image classification by comparing the similarity between images and class embeddings. A critical challenge lies in crafting precise textual representations for class names. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Songhao Han , Le Zhuo , Yue Liao , Si Liu