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Related papers: Noetherian Conservation Laws for Photons

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We study the nonlinear wave equation for arbitrary function with fourth order dissipation. A special case that is analysed exclusively is the model of nerve membranes; we consider this model, both, in the presence and absence of the fourth…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2025-03-21 Ali Raza , F M Mahomed , F D Zaman , A H Kara

We consider a relativistic brane propagating in Minkowski spacetime described by any action which is local in its worldvolume geometry. We examine the conservation laws associated with the Poincar\'e symmetry of the background from a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Guillermo Arreaga , Riccardo Capovilla , Jemal Guven

In this paper, we consider a general form of nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation with time-dependent nonlinearity. Based on the linear eigenvalue problem, the complete integrability of such nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation is identified by…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2012-01-06 Shou-Fu Tian , Li Zou , Qi Ding , Hong-Qing Zhang

Noether's theorem connects symmetries to invariants in continuous systems, however its extension to discrete systems has remained elusive. Recognizing the lowest-order finite difference as the foundation of local continuity, a viable method…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-04 Samuel Richard Totorica

Following Rivi\`ere's study of conservation laws for second order quasilinear systems with critical nonlinearty and Lamm/Rivi\`ere's generalization to fourth order, we consider similar systems of order $2m$. Typical examples are…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-13 Frédéric Louis de Longueville , Andreas Gastel

Conservation laws are computed for various nonlinear partial differential equations that arise in elasticity and acoustics. Using a scaling homogeneity approach, conservation laws are established for two models describing shear wave…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-31 Willy Hereman , Rehana Naz

A covariant formula for conserved currents of energy, momentum and angular-momentum is derived from a general form of Noethers theorem applied directly to the Einstein-Hilbert action of classical general relativity. Energy conservation in a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 Philip E. Gibbs

There are many evolution partial differential equations which can be cast into Hamiltonian form. Conservation laws of these equations are related to one-parameter Hamiltonian symmetries admitted by the PDEs. The same result holds for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Roman Kozlov

We discuss transormation laws of electric and magnetic fields under Lorentz transformations, deduced from the Classical Field Theory. It is found that we can connect the resulting expression for a bivector formed with those fields, with the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Valeri V. Dvoeglazov , J. L. Quintanar Gonzalez

A large class of first order partial nonlinear differential equations in two independent variables which possess an infinite set of polynomial conservation laws derived from an explicit generating function is constructed. The conserved…

solv-int · Physics 2016-09-08 D. B. Fairlie

A Lorentz invariant positive definite expression for photon number density is derived as the absolute square of the invariant scalar product of a polarization sensitive position eigenvector and the photon wave function. It is found that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Margaret Hawton

The vacuum Einstein equations admit a formulation closely analogous to the source-free Maxwell theory. In particular, the linearized equations exhibit an electric-magnetic duality symmetry. We develop a framework that makes this analogy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-05 Adrian del Rio , Javier Olmedo , António Torres Manso

The ADM formalism is reviewed and techniques for decomposing generic components of metric, connection and curvature are obtained. These techniques will turn out to be enough to decompose not only Einstein equations but also covariant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-19 L. Fatibene , M. Ferraris , M. Francaviglia , L. Lusanna

The exterior differential system for constant mean curvature (CMC) surfaces in a 3-dimensional space form is an elliptic Monge-Ampere system defined on the unit tangent bundle. We determine the infinite sequence of higher-order symmetries…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Daniel Fox , Joe S. Wang

Using the complete group classification of semilinear differential equations on the three-dimensional Heisenberg group carried out in a preceding work, we establish the conservation laws for the critical Kohn-Laplace equations via the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Yuri Bozhkov , Igor Leite Freire

Being gauge non-invariant, a Chern-Simons (2k-1)-form seen as a Lagrangian of gauge theory on a (2k-1)-dimensional manifold leads to the gauge conservation law of a modified Noether current.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Sardanashvily

Time dependent systems in general do not conserve photons nor do they conserve energy. However when parity time symmetry holds Maxwells equations can sometimes both conserve photon number and energy. Here we show that photon conservation is…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-29 J B Pendry

Noether's theorem is reviewed with a particular focus on an intermediate step between global and local gauge and coordinate transformations, namely linear transformations. We rederive the well known result that global symmetry leads to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Leclerc

This work extends the Ibragimov's conservation theorem for partial differential equations [{\it J. Math. Anal. Appl. 333 (2007 311-328}] to under determined systems of differential equations. The concepts of adjoint equation and formal…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-20 Mahouton Norbert Hounkonnou , Pascal Dkengne Sielenou

Noether's theorem and the invariances of the Willmore functional are used to derive conservation laws that are satisfied by the critical points of the Willmore energy subject to generic constraints. We recover in particular previous results…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-09-25 Yann Bernard