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Elitism, which constructs the new population by preserving best solutions out of the old population and newly-generated solutions, has been a default way for population update since its introduction into multi-objective evolutionary…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Zimin Liang , Miqing Li , Per Kristian Lehre

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often aligned using contrastive alignment objectives and preference pair datasets. The interaction between model, paired data, and objective makes alignment a complicated procedure, sometimes producing…

Expensive optimization problems (EOPs) are black-box tasks with costly objective evaluations and no gradient access, making the evaluation budget the key bottleneck. Surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms (SAEAs) reduce evaluations via…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Ye Lu , Bingdong Li , Aimin Zhou , Hao Hao

Hyperparameter optimization is a crucial problem in Evolutionary Computation. In fact, the values of the hyperparameters directly impact the trajectory taken by the optimization process, and their choice requires extensive reasoning by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Leonardo Lucio Custode , Fabio Caraffini , Anil Yaman , Giovanni Iacca

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in the field of artificial intelligence, showcasing their ability to interact with humans and influence human cognition through information dissemination. However, recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Qingquan Zhang , Qiqi Duan , Bo Yuan , Yuhui Shi , Jialin Liu

Nowadays, the rapid development of mobile economy has promoted the flourishing of online marketing campaigns, whose success greatly hinges on the efficient matching between user preferences and desired marketing campaigns where a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Chunjing Gan , Dan Yang , Binbin Hu , Ziqi Liu , Yue Shen , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jinjie Gu , Jun Zhou , Guannan Zhang

Aligning large language models (LLMs) to human preferences is a crucial step in building helpful and safe AI tools, which usually involve training on supervised datasets. Popular algorithms such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Honggen Zhang , Xufeng Zhao , Igor Molybog , June Zhang

Preference alignment is a critical step in making Large Language Models (LLMs) useful and aligned with (human) preferences. Existing approaches such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback or Direct Preference Optimization typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Lucio La Cava , Andrea Tagarelli

Entity matching (EM) is a critical step in entity resolution (ER). Recently, entity matching based on large language models (LLMs) has shown great promise. However, current LLM-based entity matching approaches typically follow a binary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Tianshu Wang , Xiaoyang Chen , Hongyu Lin , Xuanang Chen , Xianpei Han , Hao Wang , Zhenyu Zeng , Le Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise as automated evaluators for assessing the quality of answers generated by AI systems. However, these LLM-based evaluators exhibit position bias, or inconsistency, when used to evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Zongjie Li , Chaozheng Wang , Pingchuan Ma , Daoyuan Wu , Shuai Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Yang Liu

In last decades optimization and control of complex systems that possessed various conflicted objectives simultaneously attracted an incremental interest of scientists. This is because of the vast applications of these systems in various…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-12-17 Ahmad Mozaffari , Alireza Fathi

The emergence of large-language models (LLMs) that excel at code generation and commercial products such as GitHub's Copilot has sparked interest in human-AI pair programming (referred to as "pAIr programming") where an AI system…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Qianou Ma , Tongshuang Wu , Kenneth Koedinger

Large Language Model (LLM)-guided evolutionary search is increasingly used for automated algorithm discovery, yet most current methods track search progress primarily through executable programs and scalar fitness. Even when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sichun Luo , Yi Huang , Haochen Luo , Fengyuan Liu , Guanzhi Deng , Lei Li , Qinghua Yao , Zefa Hu , Junlan Feng , Qi Liu

On-policy reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are widely used for their strong asymptotic performance and training stability, but they struggle to scale with larger batch sizes, as additional parallel environments yield redundant data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jianren Wang , Yifan Su , Abhinav Gupta , Deepak Pathak

Aligning large language models (LLMs) typically aim to reflect general human values and behaviors, but they often fail to capture the unique characteristics and preferences of individual users. To address this gap, we introduce the concept…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Minjun Zhu , Yixuan Weng , Linyi Yang , Yue Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong potential for automated program repair (APR), particularly through iterative refinement that generates and improves candidate patches. However, state-of-the-art iterative refinement…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Cuong Chi Le , Minh Le-Anh , Cuong Duc Van , Tien N. Nguyen

Reward models are pivotal for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences. Existing approaches face two key limitations: Discriminative reward models require large-scale annotated data, as they cannot exploit the preference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yongfu Xue

Several mating restriction techniques have been implemented in Evolutionary Algorithms to promote diversity. From similarity-based selection to niche preservation, the general goal is to avoid premature convergence by not having fitness…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-09 José Maria Simões , Nuno Lourenço , Penousal Machado

This paper investigates the voting behaviors of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4 and LLaMA-2, their biases, and how they align with human voting patterns. Our methodology involved using a dataset from a human voting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Joshua C. Yang , Damian Dailisan , Marcin Korecki , Carina I. Hausladen , Dirk Helbing

Evolutionary algorithms often struggle to find well converged (e.g small inverted generational distance on test problems) solutions to multi-objective optimization problems on a limited budget of function evaluations (here, a few hundred).…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Christopher M. Pierce , Young-Kee Kim , Ivan Bazarov