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High-performance techniques to simulate quantum programs on classical hardware rely on exponentially large vectors to represent quantum states. When simulating quantum algorithms, the quantum states that occur are often sparse due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-05 Samuel Jaques , Thomas Häner

In this paper we generalize the quantum algorithm for computing short discrete logarithms previously introduced by Eker{\aa} so as to allow for various tradeoffs between the number of times that the algorithm need be executed on the one…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Martin Ekerå , Johan Håstad

We consider a quantum polynomial-time algorithm which solves the discrete logarithm problem for points on elliptic curves over $GF(2^m)$. We improve over earlier algorithms by constructing an efficient circuit for multiplying elements of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-18 Donny Cheung , Dmitri Maslov , Jimson Mathew , Dhiraj K. Pradhan

A new algorithms for computing discrete logarithms on elliptic curves defined over finite fields is suggested. It is based on a new method to find zeroes of summation polynomials. In binary elliptic curves one is to solve a cubic system of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-04-07 Igor Semaev

Physical constraints and engineering challenges, including wafer dimensions, classical control cabling, and refrigeration volumes, impose significant limitations on the scalability of quantum computing units. As a result, a modular quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Hugo Jacinto , Élie Gouzien , Nicolas Sangouard

Shor's algorithm, which given appropriate hardware can factorise an integer $N$ in a time polynomial in its binary length $L$, has arguable spurred the race to build a practical quantum computer. Several different quantum circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Austin G. Fowler , Simon J. Devitt , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

Quantum bits have technological imperfections. Additionally, the capacity of a component that can be implemented feasibly is limited. Therefore, distributed quantum computation is required to scale up quantum computers. This dissertation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-11 Shota Nagayama

Solving the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) with quantum computers is a fundamental task with important implications. Beyond Shor's algorithm, many researchers have proposed alternative solutions in recent years. However, due to current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Renjie Xu , Daowen Qiu , Ligang Xiao , Le Luo , Xu Zhou

Nowadays, predominant asymmetric cryptographic schemes are considered to be secure because discrete logarithms are believed to be hard to be computed. The algorithm of Shor can effectively compute discrete logarithms, i.e. it can brake such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Johanna Barzen , Frank Leymann

We describe an efficient quantum algorithm for computing discrete logarithms in semigroups using Shor's algorithms for period finding and discrete log as subroutines. Thus proposed cryptosystems based on the presumed hardness of discrete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-23 Andrew M. Childs , Gábor Ivanyos

Shor's quantum algorithm is very important for cryptography, since it can factor large numbers much faster than classical algorithms. In this study, we implement a simulator for Shor's quantum algorithm on graphic processor units (GPU) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-05 I. Savran , M. Demirci , A. H. Yilmaz

Extensive quantum error correction is necessary in order to scale quantum hardware to the regime of practical applications. As a result, a significant amount of decoding hardware is necessary to process the colossal amount of data required…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-31 Nicolas Delfosse

Quantum information processing and its associated technologies has reached an interesting and timely stage in their development where many different experiments have been performed establishing the basic building blocks. The challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Simon J. Devitt , Ashley M. Stephens , William J. Munro , Kae Nemoto

Shor's algorithm for integer factorization offers an exponential speedup over classical methods but remains impractical on Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware due to the need for many coherent qubits and very deep circuits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Alok Shukla , Prakash Vedula

The optimal design of a fault-tolerant quantum computer involves finding an appropriate balance between the burden of large-scale integration of noisy components and the load of improving the reliability of hardware technology. This balance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-14 Muhammad Ahsan , Rodney Van Meter , Jungsang Kim

Specific quantum algorithms exist to-in theory-break elliptic curve cryptographic protocols. Implementing these algorithms requires designing quantum circuits that perform elliptic curve arithmetic. To accurately judge a cryptographic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Francis P. Papa

We provide a detailed estimate for the logical resource requirements of the quantum linear system algorithm (QLSA) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 150502 (2009)] including the recently described elaborations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 250504 (2013)].…

We determine the cost of performing Shor's algorithm for integer factorization on a ternary quantum computer, using two natural models of universal fault-tolerant computing: (i) a model based on magic state distillation that assumes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-12 Alex Bocharov , Martin Roetteler , Krysta M. Svore

In this paper, we intend to study the geometric meaning of the discrete logarithm problem defined over an Elliptic Curve. The key idea is to reduce the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (EC-DLP) into a system of equations. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Daniele Di Tullio , Ankan Pal

Quantum algorithms face significant challenges due to qubit susceptibility to environmental noise, and quantum error correction typically requires prohibitive resource overhead. This paper proposes that quantum algorithms may possess…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Fusheng Yang , Zhipeng Liang , Zhengzhong Yi , Xuan Wang