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Related papers: SteerConf: Steering LLMs for Confidence Elicitatio…

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Large Language Models (LLMs) face persistent and evolving trustworthiness issues, motivating developers to seek automated and flexible repair methods that enable convenient deployment across diverse scenarios. Existing repair methods like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Changqing Li , Tianlin Li , Xiaohan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Li Pan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as decision-support tools in data-constrained scientific workflows, where correctness and validity are critical. However, evaluation practices often emphasize stability or reproducibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Nazia Riasat

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various real-world tasks. However, they often struggle to fully comprehend and effectively utilize their input contexts, resulting in responses that are unfaithful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Qingru Zhang , Xiaodong Yu , Chandan Singh , Xiaodong Liu , Liyuan Liu , Jianfeng Gao , Tuo Zhao , Dan Roth , Hao Cheng

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to revolutionize Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, critical concerns about their trustworthiness persist, particularly in safety and robustness. To address these challenges, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ruoyu Sun , Da Song , Jiayang Song , Yuheng Huang , Lei Ma

This project develops a self correcting framework for large language models (LLMs) that detects and mitigates hallucinations during multi-step reasoning. Rather than relying solely on final answer correctness, our approach leverages fine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Chelsea Zou , Yiheng Yao , Basant Khalil

There is a growing literature on reasoning by large language models (LLMs), but the discussion on the uncertainty in their responses is still lacking. Our aim is to assess the extent of confidence that LLMs have in their answers and how it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Yudi Pawitan , Chris Holmes

Latent space steering methods provide a practical approach to controlling large language models by applying steering vectors to intermediate activations, guiding outputs toward desired behaviors while avoiding retraining. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Shawn Im , Sharon Li

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in various perception and reasoning tasks. Despite this success, ensuring their reliability in practical deployment necessitates robust confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yunkai Dang , Yifan Jiang , Yizhu Jiang , Anqi Chen , Wenbin Li , Yang Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various domains, prompting a surge in their practical applications. However, concerns have arisen regarding the trustworthiness of LLMs outputs, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Danna Zheng , Danyang Liu , Mirella Lapata , Jeff Z. Pan

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in decision-critical domains, it becomes essential to ensure that their confidence estimates faithfully correspond to their actual correctness. Existing calibration methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Ke Fang , Tianyi Zhao , Lu Cheng

Self-detection for Large Language Models (LLMs) seeks to evaluate the trustworthiness of the LLM's output by leveraging its own capabilities, thereby alleviating the issue of output hallucination. However, existing self-detection approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Moxin Li , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Fengbin Zhu , Qifan Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

As large language models attract increasing attention and find widespread application, concurrent challenges of reliability also arise at the same time. Confidence calibration, an effective analysis method for gauging the reliability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Chiwei Zhu , Benfeng Xu , Quan Wang , Yongdong Zhang , Zhendong Mao

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly show reasoning rationales alongside their answers, turning "reasoning" into a user-interface element. While step-by-step rationales are typically associated with model performance, how they…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xin Sun , Shu Wei , Jos A Bosch , Isao Echizen , Saku Sugawara , Abdallah El Ali

Large language model (LLM) simulations of human behavior have the potential to revolutionize the social and behavioral sciences, if and only if they faithfully reflect real human behaviors. Current evaluations of simulation fidelity are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiancheng Hu , Joachim Baumann , Lorenzo Lupo , Nigel Collier , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in critical decision-making systems, the lack of reliable methods to measure their uncertainty presents a fundamental trustworthiness risk. We introduce a normalized confidence score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xie Xiaohu , Liu Xiaohu , Yao Benjamin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in settings where reliable self-assessment is critical. Assessing model reliability has evolved from using probabilistic correctness estimates to, more recently, eliciting verbalized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Sree Bhattacharyya , Samarth Khanna , Leona Chen , Lucas Craig , Tharun Dilliraj , James Z. Wang

Large language models (LLMs) can fluently generate student-like responses, making them attractive as simulated students for training and evaluating AI tutors and human educators. Yet such simulators are typically evaluated by output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Heejin Do , Shashank Sonkar , Mrinmaya Sachan

Steering methods for language models (LMs) have gained traction as lightweight alternatives to fine-tuning, enabling targeted modifications to model activations. However, prior studies primarily report results on a few models, leaving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Patrick Queiroz Da Silva , Hari Sethuraman , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Sachin Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) are expected to be predictable and trustworthy to support reliable decision-making systems. Yet current LLMs often show inconsistencies in their judgments. In this work, we examine logical preference consistency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yinhong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Tianya Liang , Ehsan Shareghi , Ivan Vulić , Nigel Collier

Ensuring alignment, which refers to making models behave in accordance with human intentions [1,2], has become a critical task before deploying large language models (LLMs) in real-world applications. For instance, OpenAI devoted six months…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yang Liu , Yuanshun Yao , Jean-Francois Ton , Xiaoying Zhang , Ruocheng Guo , Hao Cheng , Yegor Klochkov , Muhammad Faaiz Taufiq , Hang Li