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The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has shown remarkable progress in complex reasoning tasks. However, a significant disparity exists between benchmark performances and real-world applications. We attribute this gap…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Junnan Liu , Hongwei Liu , Linchen Xiao , Ziyi Wang , Kuikun Liu , Songyang Gao , Wenwei Zhang , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen

Language models, characterized by their black-box nature, often hallucinate and display sensitivity to input perturbations, causing concerns about trust. To enhance trust, it is imperative to gain a comprehensive understanding of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Vatsal Gupta , Pranshu Pandya , Tushar Kataria , Vivek Gupta , Dan Roth

Large language models (LLMs) excel at solving problems with clear and complete statements, but often struggle with nuanced environments or interactive tasks which are common in most real-world scenarios. This highlights the critical need…

This paper explores the spatial reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs) over textual input through a suite of five tasks aimed at probing their spatial understanding and computational abilities. The models were tested on both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Maggie Bai , Ava Kim Cohen , Eleanor Koss , Charlie Lichtenbaum

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of transforming natural language domain descriptions into plausibly looking PDDL markup. However, ensuring that actions are consistent within domains still remains a challenging task. In this paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Pavel Smirnov , Frank Joublin , Antonello Ceravola , Michael Gienger

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to automate software engineering tasks, including the generation of UML class diagrams from natural language descriptions. While prior work demonstrates that LLMs can produce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Rabia Iftikhar , Andreas Rausch

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in mathematical reasoning, particularly with text-based mathematical problems. However, current multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), especially those specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhen Yang , Jinhao Chen , Zhengxiao Du , Wenmeng Yu , Weihan Wang , Wenyi Hong , Zhihuan Jiang , Bin Xu , Jie Tang

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have recently achieved rapid progress, exhibiting great perception and reasoning abilities concerning visual information. However, when faced with prompts in different sizes of solution spaces, LVLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yuan Zhang , Fei Xiao , Tao Huang , Chun-Kai Fan , Hongyuan Dong , Jiawen Li , Jiacong Wang , Kuan Cheng , Shanghang Zhang , Haoyuan Guo

LLMs have achieved remarkable success in complex reasoning tasks, yet current evaluation approaches predominantly rely on final-answer correctness, offering limited insight into the underlying reasoning processes that produce those answers.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Ali Şenol , Garima Agrawal , Huan Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) changed the way we design and interact with software systems. Their ability to process and extract information from text has drastically improved productivity in a number of routine tasks. Developers that want…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Federico Errica , Giuseppe Siracusano , Davide Sanvito , Roberto Bifulco

Large Language Models (LLMs) have grown increasingly powerful, yet ensuring their decisions remain transparent and trustworthy requires self-consistency -- no contradictions in their internal reasoning. Our study reveals that even on simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zhenru Lin , Jiawen Tao , Yang Yuan , Andrew Chi-Chih Yao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across tasks such as mathematics, coding, and reasoning, yet their learning ability, which is crucial for adapting to dynamic environments and acquiring new knowledge, remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Zhengyu Hu , Jianxun Lian , Zheyuan Xiao , Seraphina Zhang , Tianfu Wang , Nicholas Jing Yuan , Xing Xie , Hui Xiong

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieve strong performance on mathematical reasoning tasks, often attributed to their capability to generate explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) explanations. However, recent work shows that LRMs often arrive at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yihong Liu , Raoyuan Zhao , Hinrich Schütze , Michael A. Hedderich

Large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucinations and sensitive to prompt perturbations, often resulting in inconsistent or unreliable generated text. Different methods have been proposed to mitigate such hallucinations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoyuan Wu , Weiran Lin , Omer Akgul , Lujo Bauer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success on a wide range of math and reasoning benchmarks. However, we observe that they often struggle when faced with unreasonable math problems. Instead of recognizing these issues,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jingyuan Ma , Damai Dai , Zihang Yuan , Rui li , Weilin Luo , Bin Wang , Qun Liu , Lei Sha , Zhifang Sui

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong average performance yet remain unreliable at the instance level, with frequent hallucinations, brittle failures, and poorly calibrated confidence. We study reliability through the lens of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Pranav Kallem

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive accuracy on mathematical reasoning benchmarks, yet their performance drops when problems are modified with simple changes like different names or numbers. Code execution methods, which let…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Matthew Kutakh

Despite great performance on Olympiad-level reasoning problems, frontier large language models can still struggle on high school math when presented with novel problems outside standard benchmarks. Going beyond final accuracy, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Atharva Pandey , Kshitij Dubey , Rahul Sharma , Amit Sharma

With the evolution of large language models (LLMs), their robustness against individual simple biases has been enhanced. However, we observe that the ensemble of multiple simple biases still exerts a significant adverse impact on LLMs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zhouhao Sun , Zhiyuan Kan , Xiao Ding , Li Du , Bibo Cai , Yang Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in general-purpose machine translation, but their effectiveness in complex, domain-sensitive translation tasks remains underexplored. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yongshi Ye , Biao Fu , Chongxuan Huang , Yidong Chen , Xiaodong Shi
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