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Computing the similarity between two data points plays a vital role in many machine learning algorithms. Metric learning has the aim of learning a good metric automatically from data. Most existing studies on metric learning for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Hikaru Shindo , Masaaki Nishino , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Akihiro Yamamoto

The graph edit distance is used for comparing graphs in various domains. Due to its high computational complexity it is primarily approximated. Widely-used heuristics search for an optimal assignment of vertices based on the distance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Franka Bause , Christian Permann , Nils M. Kriege

Patent similarity analysis plays a crucial role in evaluating the risk of patent infringement. Nonetheless, this analysis is predominantly conducted manually by legal experts, often resulting in a time-consuming process. Recent advances in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Yongmin Yoo , Cheonkam Jeong , Sanguk Gim , Junwon Lee , Zachary Schimke , Deaho Seo

Distance-based unsupervised text classification is a method within text classification that leverages the semantic similarity between a label and a text to determine label relevance. This method provides numerous benefits, including fast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jens Van Nooten , Andriy Kosar , Guy De Pauw , Walter Daelemans

Phylogenetic trees are a central tool in understanding evolution. They are typically inferred from sequence data, and capture evolutionary relationships through time. It is essential to be able to compare trees from different data sources…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-10-31 Michelle Kendall , Caroline Colijn

Large tree structures are ubiquitous and real-world relational datasets often have information associated with nodes (e.g., labels or other attributes) and edges (e.g., weights or distances) that need to be communicated to the viewers. Yet,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Kathryn Gray , Mingwei Li , Reyan Ahmed , Md. Khaledur Rahman , Ariful Azad , Stephen Kobourov , Katy Börner

Learning about the relationship between distance to landmarks and events and phenomena of interest is a multi-faceted problem, as it may require taking into account multiple dimensions, including: spatial position of landmarks, timing of…

Applications · Statistics 2024-09-11 Ines Levin

Attack trees (ATs) are a widely deployed modelling technique to categorize potential attacks on a system. An attacker of such a system aims at doing as much damage as possible, but might be limited by a cost budget. The maximum possible…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Mariëlle Stoelinga

We consider the classical tree edit distance between ordered labeled trees, which is defined as the minimum-cost sequence of node edit operations that transform one tree into another. The state-of-the-art solutions for the tree edit…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-01-04 Mateusz Pawlik , Nikolaus Augsten

Graphical security models constitute a well-known, user-friendly way to represent the security of a system. These kinds of models are used by security experts to identify vulnerabilities and assess the security of a system. The manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Alyzia-Maria Konsta , Beatrice Spiga , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Nicola Dragoni

This article addresses the problem of automatically generating attack trees that soundly and clearly describe the ways the system can be attacked. Soundness means that the attacks displayed by the attack tree are indeed attacks in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Olga Gadyatskaya , Sjouke Mauw , Rolando Trujillo-Rasuac , Tim A. C. Willemse

Attack-Defence Trees (ADTs) are well-suited to assess possible attacks to systems and the efficiency of counter-measures. In this paper, we first enrich the available constructs with reactive patterns that cover further security scenarios,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Jaime Arias , Carlos E. Budde , Wojciech Penczek , Laure Petrucci , Mariëlle Stoelinga

We propose a statistical method to test whether two phylogenetic trees with given alignments are significantly incongruent. Our method compares the two distributions of phylogenetic trees given by the input alignments, instead of comparing…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2010-04-14 Elissaveta Arnaoudova , David Haws , Peter Huggins , Jerzy W. Jaromczyk , Neil Moore , Chris Schardl , Ruriko Yoshida

In security analysis, attack trees are a major tool for showing the structural decomposition of attacks and for supporting the evaluation of the quantitative properties (called attributes) of the attacks. However, the validities of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Hideaki Nishihara , Yasuyuki Kawanishi , Daisuke Souma , Hirotaka Yoshida

Risk assessment of cyber-physical systems, such as power plants, connected devices and IT-infrastructures has always been challenging: safety (i.e. absence of unintentional failures) and security (i.e. no disruptions due to attackers) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Étienne André , Didier Lime , Mathias Ramparison , Mariëlle Stoelinga

Measuring similarity between complex objects is a fundamental task in many scientific fields. When objects are represented as graphs, graph similarity/distance measures offer a powerful framework for quantifying structural resemblance.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Matthias Dehmer , Izudin Redžepović , Niko Tratnik , Petra Žigert Pleteršek

Comparison of graph structure is a ubiquitous task in data analysis and machine learning, with diverse applications in fields such as neuroscience, cyber security, social network analysis, and bioinformatics, among others. Discovery and…

Applications · Statistics 2023-01-11 Peter Wills , Francois G. Meyer

We provide the first formal foundation of SAND attack trees which are a popular extension of the well-known attack trees. The SAND attack tree formalism increases the expressivity of attack trees by introducing the sequential conjunctive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-10 Ravi Jhawar , Barbara Kordy , Sjouke Mauw , Sasa Radomirovic , Rolando Trujillo-Rasua

This study is to review the approaches used for measuring sentences similarity. Measuring similarity between natural language sentences is a crucial task for many Natural Language Processing applications such as text classification,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Mamdouh Farouk

Recent works in the information science literature have presented cases of using patent databases and patent classification information to construct network maps of technology fields, which aim to aid in competitive intelligence analysis…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-03-10 Bowen Yan , Jianxi Luo