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Euler showed that if an odd perfect number exists, it must be of the form $N = p^\alpha q_{1}^{2\beta_{1}}$ $\ldots$ $q_{k}^{2\beta_{k}}$, where $p, q_{1}, \ldots, q_k$ are distinct odd primes, $\alpha$, $\beta_{i} \geq 1$, for $1 \leq i…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-07 Patrick Brown

One of my recent papers transforms an NP-Complete problem into the question of whether or not a feasible real solution exists to some Linear Program. The unique feature of this Linear Program is that though there is no explicit bound on the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-03-08 Deepak Ponvel Chermakani

Existence of quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes whose minimal distance scales linearly with the number of qubits is a major open problem in quantum information. Its practical interest stems from the need to protect information in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-14 Lior Eldar , Maris Ozols , Kevin F. Thompson

Quantum computation represents a computational paradigm whose distinctive attributes confer the ability to devise algorithms with asymptotic performance levels significantly superior to those achievable via classical computation. Recent…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Domenico Cantone , Simone Faro , Arianna Pavone , Caterina Viola

In this paper, we study the bound states of quantum layers. We prove that for the quantum layer built over a parabolic manifold which is not totally geodesic, if the second fundamantal form decays sufficiently fast, then the bound states…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-07-18 Christopher Lin , Zhiqin Lu

In this work, we give two results that put new limits on distributed quantum advantage in the context of the LOCAL model of distributed computing. First, we show that there is no distributed quantum advantage for any linear program. Put…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Alkida Balliu , Corinna Coupette , Antonio Cruciani , Francesco d'Amore , Massimo Equi , Henrik Lievonen , Augusto Modanese , Dennis Olivetti , Jukka Suomela

We present and analyze an algorithm to enumerate all integers $n\le x$ that can be written as the sum of consecutive $k$th powers of primes, for $k>1$. We show that the number of such integers $n$ is asymptotically bounded by a constant…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Cathal O'Sullivan , Jonathan P. Sorenson , Aryn Stahl

The measurement problem is to explain why a system which is in a linear combination of states appears, upon measurement, to be in just one of those states. The solution given here is to first show that if one assumes linear, unitary, no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-30 Casey Blood

We show that for any $\varepsilon > 0$, prime $q$ sufficiently large with respect to $1 / \varepsilon$ and residue class $(a,q) = 1$, there exist two integers $m, n \leq q^{5/2 + \varepsilon}$ with $m \equiv n \equiv a \pmod{q}$ such that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Kevin Ford , Maksym Radziwiłł

A system of linear constraints can be unsatisfiable and yet admit a solution in the form of quantum observables whose correlated outcomes satisfy the constraints. Recently, it has been claimed that such a satisfiability gap can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-27 Hammam Qassim , Joel. J. Wallman

Most states in the Hilbert space are maximally entangled. This fact has proven useful to investigate - among other things - the foundations of statistical mechanics. Unfortunately, most states in the Hilbert space of a quantum many body…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Alioscia Hamma , Siddhartha Santra , Paolo Zanardi

The classical combinatorial problem of $36$ officers has no solution, as there are no Graeco-Latin squares of order six. The situation changes if one works in a quantum setup and allows for superpositions of classical objects and admits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-26 Karol Zyczkowski

In applications it is common that the exact form of a conditional expectation is unknown and having flexible functional forms can lead to improvements. Series method offers that by approximating the unknown function based on $k$ basis…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-05 Alexandre Belloni , Victor Chernozhukov , Denis Chetverikov , Kengo Kato

We establish connections between state tomography, pseudorandomness, quantum state synthesis, and circuit lower bounds. In particular, let $\mathfrak{C}$ be a family of non-uniform quantum circuits of polynomial size and suppose that there…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-26 Nai-Hui Chia , Daniel Liang , Fang Song

For any elements b,c of a number field K, let G(b,c) denote the backwards orbit of b under the map f_c: C-->C given by f_c(x)=x^2+c. We prove an upper bound on the number of elements of G(b,c) whose degree over K is at most some constant B.…

The purpose of this paper is to introduce several basic theorems of coherent states and generalized coherent states based on Lie algebras su(2) and su(1,1), and to give some applications of them to quantum information theory for graduate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kazuyuki Fujii

The two-way finite automaton with quantum and classical states (2QCFA), defined by Ambainis and Watrous, is a model of quantum computation whose quantum part is extremely limited; however, as they showed, 2QCFA are surprisingly powerful: a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Zachary Remscrim

Consider the problem of computing quantized linear functions with only a few queries. Formally, given $\mathbf{x}\in \mathbb{R}^k$, our goal is to encode $\mathbf{x}$ as $\mathbf{c} \in \mathbb{R}^n$, for $n > k$, so that for any…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ching-Fang Li , Mary Wootters

Quantum gravity is studied nonperturbatively in the case in which space has a boundary with finite area. A natural set of boundary conditions is studied in the Euclidean signature theory, in which the pullback of the curvature to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Lee Smolin

Quantum neural networks combine quantum computing with advanced data-driven methods, offering promising applications in quantum machine learning. However, the optimal paradigm for balancing trainability and expressivity in QNNs remains an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Hongshun Yao , Xia Liu , Mingrui Jing , Guangxi Li , Xin Wang