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Research in the field of malware classification often relies on machine learning models that are trained on high-level features, such as opcodes, function calls, and control flow graphs. Extracting such features is costly, since disassembly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Mugdha Jain , William Andreopoulos , Mark Stamp

Predicting the probability of non-performing loans for individuals has a vital and beneficial role for banks to decrease credit risk and make the right decisions before giving the loan. The trend to make these decisions are based on credit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Rufael Fekadu , Anteneh Getachew , Yishak Tadele , Nuredin Ali , Israel Goytom

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have significantly advanced malware research by enabling automated threat detection and behavior analysis. However, the availability of exploitable data is limited, due to the absence of large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Valentin Leroy , Shuvalaxmi Dass , Sharif Ullah

The rapid rise of cyber-crime activities and the growing number of devices threatened by them place software security issues in the spotlight. As around 90% of all attacks exploit known types of security issues, finding vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Rudolf Ferenc , Péter Hegedűs , Péter Gyimesi , Gábor Antal , Dénes Bán , Tibor Gyimóthy

As these attacks become more and more difficult to see, the need for the great hi-tech models that detect them is undeniable. This paper examines and compares various machine learning as well as deep learning models to choose the most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Momen Hesham , Mohamed Essam , Mohamed Bahaa , Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Gomaa , Mena Hany , Wael Elsersy

Traditional malware detection methods exhibit computational inefficiency due to exhaustive feature extraction requirements, creating accuracy-efficiency trade-offs that limit real-time deployment. We formulate malware classification as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Naseem Khan , Aref Y. Al-Tamimi , Amine Bermak , Issa M. Khalil

Malware has become a formidable threat as it has been growing exponentially in number and sophistication, thus, it is imperative to have a solution that is easy to implement, reliable, and effective. While recent research has introduced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jahez Abraham Johny , Vinod P. , Asmitha K. A. , G. Radhamani , Rafidha Rehiman K. A. , Mauro Conti

Automated image-based garbage classification is a critical component of global waste management; however, systematic benchmarks that integrate Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and efficient hybrid solutions remain underdeveloped.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ngoc-Bao-Quang Nguyen , Tuan-Minh Do , Cong-Tam Phan , Thi-Thu-Hong Phan

Behavior of a malware varies with respect to malware types. Therefore,knowing type of a malware affects strategies of system protection softwares. Many malware type classification models empowered by machine and deep learning achieve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Aykut Çayır , Uğur Ünal , Hasan Dağ

This paper investigates the application of natural language processing (NLP)-based n-gram analysis and machine learning techniques to enhance malware classification. We explore how NLP can be used to extract and analyze textual features…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Bishwajit Prasad Gond , Rajneekant , Pushkar Kishore , Durga Prasad Mohapatra

High-dimensional malware datasets often exhibit feature redundancy, instability, and scalability limitations, which hinder the effectiveness and interpretability of machine learning-based malware detection systems. Although feature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Ajvad Haneef K , Karan Kuwar Singh , Madhu Kumar S D

Effective and efficient mitigation of malware is a long-time endeavor in the information security community. The development of an anti-malware system that can counteract an unknown malware is a prolific activity that may benefit several…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-08 Abien Fred Agarap

Criminals use malware to disrupt cyber-systems. The number of these malware-vulnerable systems is increasing quickly as common systems, such as vehicles, routers, and lightbulbs, become increasingly interconnected cyber-systems. To address…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Viktor Zenkov , Jason Laska

In the modern era, malware is experiencing a significant increase in both its variety and quantity, aligning with the widespread adoption of the digital world. This surge in malware has emerged as a critical challenge in the realm of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Amaal F. Alshmarni , Mohammed A. Alliheedi

We propose a novel method to detect and visualize malware through image classification. The executable binaries are represented as grayscale images obtained from the count of N-grams (N=2) of bytes in the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Tajuddin Manhar Mohammed , Lakshmanan Nataraj , Satish Chikkagoudar , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , B. S. Manjunath

The escalating sophistication of malware necessitates robust detection mechanisms that generalize across diverse data sources. Traditional single-dataset models struggle with cross-domain generalization and often incur high computational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Omar Khalid Ali Mohamed

Zero-day and ransomware attacks continue to challenge traditional Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS), revealing their limitations in timely threat classification. Despite efforts to reduce false positives and negatives, significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Steven Jabulani Nhlapo , Mike Nkongolo Wa Nkongolo

This study investigates the application of machine learning (ML) models for classifying dental providers into two categories - standard rendering providers and safety net clinic (SNC) providers - using a 2018 dataset of 24,300 instances…

Managing the threat posed by malware requires accurate detection and classification techniques. Traditional detection strategies, such as signature scanning, rely on manual analysis of malware to extract relevant features, which is labor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Vrinda Malhotra , Katerina Potika , Mark Stamp

There is an increasing trend to mine vulnerabilities from software repositories and use machine learning techniques to automatically detect software vulnerabilities. A fundamental but unresolved research question is: how do different…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Esma Mouine , Yan Liu , Lu Xiao , Rick Kazman , Xiao Wang