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Scene flow allows autonomous vehicles to reason about the arbitrary motion of multiple independent objects which is the key to long-term mobile autonomy. While estimating the scene flow from LiDAR has progressed recently, it remains largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Fangqiang Ding , Zhijun Pan , Yimin Deng , Jianning Deng , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu

The next-generation high-resolution automotive radar (4D radar) can provide additional elevation measurement and denser point clouds, which has great potential for 3D sensing in autonomous driving. In this paper, we introduce a dataset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Lianqing Zheng , Zhixiong Ma , Xichan Zhu , Bin Tan , Sen Li , Kai Long , Weiqi Sun , Sihan Chen , Lu Zhang , Mengyue Wan , Libo Huang , Jie Bai

Lidar-based sensing drives current autonomous vehicles. Despite rapid progress, current Lidar sensors still lag two decades behind traditional color cameras in terms of resolution and cost. For autonomous driving, this means that large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Tianwei Yin , Xingyi Zhou , Philipp Krähenbühl

Curbs are one of the essential elements of urban and highway traffic environments. Robust curb detection provides road structure information for motion planning in an autonomous driving system. Commonly, video cameras and 3D LiDARs are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Dongfeng Bai , Tongtong Cao , Jingming Guo , Bingbing Liu

Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) has been widely used in autonomous vehicles for perception and localization. However, the cost of a high-resolution LiDAR is still prohibitively expensive, while its low-resolution counterpart is much…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Lin Bai , Yiming Zhao , Xinming Huang

4D millimeter wave radars (4D radars) are new emerging sensors that provide point clouds of objects with both position and radial velocity measurements. Compared to LiDARs, they are more affordable and reliable sensors for robots'…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Xingyi Li , Han Zhang , Ziliang Wang , Yukai Yang , Weidong Chen

Detection of road curbs is an essential capability for autonomous driving. It can be used for autonomous vehicles to determine drivable areas on roads. Usually, road curbs are detected on-line using vehicle-mounted sensors, such as video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Zhenhua Xu , Yuxiang Sun , Ming Liu

Balancing cost and performance is crucial when choosing high- versus low-resolution point-cloud roadside sensors. For example, LiDAR delivers dense point cloud, while 4D millimeter-wave radar, though spatially sparser, embeds velocity cues…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Shaozu Ding , Yihong Tang , Marco De Vincenzi , Dajiang Suo

This work aims to address the challenges in autonomous driving by focusing on the 3D perception of the environment using roadside LiDARs. We design a 3D object detection model that can detect traffic participants in roadside LiDARs in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Walter Zimmer , Jialong Wu , Xingcheng Zhou , Alois C. Knoll

Precise and prompt identification of road surface conditions enables vehicles to adjust their actions, like changing speed or using specific traction control techniques, to lower the chance of accidents and potential danger to drivers and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Adnan Md Tayeb , Mst Ayesha Khatun , Mohtasin Golam , Md Facklasur Rahaman , Ali Aouto , Oroceo Paul Angelo , Minseon Lee , Dong-Seong Kim , Jae-Min Lee , Jung-Hyeon Kim

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar has attracted significant attention in robotics and autonomous driving. However, despite the perception stability in harsh environments, the point cloud generated by mmWave radar is relatively sparse while…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ruixin Wu , Zihan Li , Jin Wang , Xiangyu Xu , Zhi Zheng , Kaixiang Huang , Guodong Lu

3D object detection is crucial for Autonomous Driving (AD) and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). However, most 3D detectors prioritize detection accuracy, often overlooking network inference speed in practical applications. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Liye Jia , Runwei Guan , Haocheng Zhao , Qiuchi Zhao , Ka Lok Man , Jeremy Smith , Limin Yu , Yutao Yue

This paper presents a new approach to detecting road boundaries based on sparse radar signals. We model the roadway using a homogeneous model and derive its conditional predictive model under known radar motion. Using the conditional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Aaron Kingery , Dezhen Song

4D radar measurements offer an affordable and weather-robust solution for 3D perception. However, the inherent sparsity and noise of radar point clouds present significant challenges for accurate 3D object detection, underscoring the need…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xiaokai Bai , Jiahao Cheng , Songkai Wang , Yixuan Luo , Lianqing Zheng , Xiaohan Zhang , Si-Yuan Cao , Hui-Liang Shen

Recently, 4D millimetre-wave radar exhibits more stable perception ability than LiDAR and camera under adverse conditions (e.g. rain and fog). However, low-quality radar points hinder its application, especially the odometry task that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zhiheng Li , Yubo Cui , Ningyuan Huang , Chenglin Pang , Zheng Fang

LiDAR-based 3D object detection is a fundamental task in the field of autonomous driving. This paper explores the unique advantage of Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) LiDAR in autonomous perception. Given a single frame FMCW point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Yining Shi , Kun Jiang , Xin Zhao , Kangan Qian , Chuchu Xie , Tuopu Wen , Mengmeng Yang , Diange Yang

Millimeter wave (mmWave) radars have attracted significant attention from both academia and industry due to their capability to operate in extreme weather conditions. However, they face challenges in terms of sparsity and noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Ruibin Zhang , Donglai Xue , Yuhan Wang , Ruixu Geng , Fei Gao

Odometry is a crucial component for successfully implementing autonomous navigation, relying on sensors such as cameras, LiDARs and IMUs. However, these sensors may encounter challenges in extreme weather conditions, such as snowfall and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Xiaoyi Wu , Yushuai Chen , Zhan Li , Ziyang Hong , Liang Hu

4D millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar has been widely adopted in autonomous driving and robot perception due to its low cost and all-weather robustness. However, point-cloud-based radar representations suffer from information loss due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Runwei Guan , Jianan Liu , Shaofeng Liang , Fangqiang Ding , Shanliang Yao , Xiaokai Bai , Daizong Liu , Tao Huang , Guoqiang Mao , Hui Xiong

Unlike RGB cameras that use visible light bands (384$\sim$769 THz) and Lidars that use infrared bands (361$\sim$331 THz), Radars use relatively longer wavelength radio bands (77$\sim$81 GHz), resulting in robust measurements in adverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Dong-Hee Paek , Seung-Hyun Kong , Kevin Tirta Wijaya