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Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in vector databases and AI infrastructures. Recent graph-based ANNS algorithms have achieved high search accuracy with practical efficiency. Despite the advancements, these…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by pulling in external material, document, code, manuals, from vast and ever-growing corpora, to effectively answer user queries. The effectiveness of RAG depends…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Yifan Xu , Vipul Gupta , Rohit Aggarwal , Varsha Mahadevan , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) combines knowledge from domain-specific sources into large language models to ground answer generation. Current RAG systems lack customizable visibility on the context documents and the model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tevin Wang , Jingyuan He , Chenyan Xiong

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in integrating external knowledge into large language models (LLMs) for solving question-answer (QA) tasks. The state-of-the-art RAG approaches often use the graph data as the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shu Wang , Yixiang Fang , Yingli Zhou , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma

Industrial standards and normative documents exhibit intricate hierarchical structures, domain-specific lexicons, and extensive cross-referential dependencies, which making it challenging to process them directly by Large Language Models…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Aiman Al Masoud , Marco Arazzi , Simone Germani , Antonino Nocera

Modern Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems struggle with a fundamental architectural tension: vector indices are optimized for query latency but poorly handle continuous knowledge updates, while data lakes excel at versioning but…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Tarun Prajapati

The scaling of large language models to encode all the world's knowledge in model parameters is unsustainable and has exacerbated resource barriers. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) presents a potential solution, yet its application to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Varun Nagaraj Rao , Siddharth Choudhary , Aditya Deshpande , Ravi Kumar Satzoda , Srikar Appalaraju

The advent of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has significantly enhanced the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to produce factually accurate and up-to-date responses. However, the performance of a RAG system is not determined by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haoyu Tian , Yingchaojie Feng , Zhen Wen , Haoxuan Li , Minfeng Zhu , Wei Chen

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have seen huge popularity in augmenting Large-Language Model (LLM) outputs with domain specific and time sensitive data. Very recently a shift is happening from simple RAG setups that query a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Tristan Kenneweg , Philip Kenneweg , Barbara Hammer

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems deployed across organizational boundaries face fundamental tensions between security, accuracy, and efficiency. Current encryption methods expose plaintext during decryption, while federated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yu Liu , Kun Peng , Wenxiao Zhang , Fangfang Yuan , Cong Cao , Wenxuan Lu , Yanbing Liu

Large language models can answer questions about textbooks, lecture notes, and programming exercises more reliably when their answers are grounded in an explicit knowledge source. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a common approach:…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Tom Verhoeff

Vector data is prevalent across business and scientific applications, and its popularity is growing with the proliferation of learned embeddings. Vector data collections often reach billions of vectors with thousands of dimensions, thus,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Ilias Azizi , Karima Echihab , Themis Palpanas , Vassilis Christophides

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) based on Large Language Models (LLMs) is a powerful solution to understand and query the industry's closed-source documents. However, basic RAG often struggles with complex QA tasks in legal and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Huifeng Lin , Gang Su , Jintao Liang , You Wu , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li

In this work, we benchmark various graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems across a broad spectrum of query types, including OLTP-style (fact-based) and OLAP-style (thematic) queries, to address the complex demands of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Joyce Cahoon , Prerna Singh , Nick Litombe , Jonathan Larson , Ha Trinh , Yiwen Zhu , Andreas Mueller , Fotis Psallidas , Carlo Curino

Semantic search in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems is often insufficient for complex information needs, particularly when relevant evidence is scattered across multiple sources. Prior approaches to this problem include agentic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Ruizhong Miao , Yuying Wang , Rongguang Wang , Chenyang Li , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have emerged as a promising solution to enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge retrieval with generative capabilities. While significant advancements have been…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Sizhe Cheng , Jiaping Li , Huanchen Wang , Yuxin Ma

To harness the power of Language Models in answering domain specific specialized technical questions, Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is been used widely. In this work, we have developed a Q\&A application inspired by the Retrieval…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-04-03 Tina. J. Jat , T. Ghosh , Karthik Suresh

Advancements in model algorithms, the growth of foundational models, and access to high-quality datasets have propelled the evolution of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC). Despite its notable successes, AIGC still faces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Penghao Zhao , Hailin Zhang , Qinhan Yu , Zhengren Wang , Yunteng Geng , Fangcheng Fu , Ling Yang , Wentao Zhang , Jie Jiang , Bin Cui

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive progress in natural language processing, but their limited ability to retain long-term context constrains performance on document-level or multi-turn tasks. Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhangyu Wang , Siyuan Gao , Rong Zhou , Hao Wang , Li Ning