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This work studies improving large language model (LLM) generations at inference time by mitigating fact-conflicting hallucinations. Particularly, we propose a self-endorsement framework that leverages the fine-grained fact-level comparisons…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Ante Wang , Linfeng Song , Baolin Peng , Ye Tian , Lifeng Jin , Haitao Mi , Jinsong Su , Dong Yu

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks, they fundamentally lack self-awareness and frequently exhibit overconfidence, assigning high confidence scores to incorrect predictions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jinyi Han , Tingyun Li , Shisong Chen , Jie Shi , Xinyi Wang , Guanglei Yue , Jiaqing Liang , Xin Lin , Liqian Wen , Zulong Chen , Yanghua Xiao

We introduce Learning to Self-Evolve (LSE), a reinforcement learning framework that trains large language models (LLMs) to improve their own contexts at test time. We situate LSE in the setting of test-time self-evolution, where a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xiaoyin Chen , Canwen Xu , Yite Wang , Boyi Liu , Zhewei Yao , Yuxiong He

Large Language Models (LLMs), when used for conditional text generation, often produce hallucinations, i.e., information that is unfaithful or not grounded in the input context. This issue arises in typical conditional text generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Song Duong , Florian Le Bronnec , Alexandre Allauzen , Vincent Guigue , Alberto Lumbreras , Laure Soulier , Patrick Gallinari

Large language models (LLM) often hallucinate, and while adding citations is a common solution, it is frequently insufficient for accountability as users struggle to verify how a cited source supports a generated claim. Existing methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jingxuan Wei , Xingyue Wang , Yanghaoyu Liao , Jie Dong , Yuchen Liu , Caijun Jia , Bihui Yu , Junnan Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements in natural language understanding and generation. However, one major issue towards their widespread deployment in the real world is that they can generate "hallucinated"…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Xi Ye , Ruoxi Sun , Sercan Ö. Arik , Tomas Pfister

When performing tasks like automatic speech recognition or spoken language understanding for a given utterance, access to preceding text or audio provides contextual information can improve performance. Considering the recent advances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Suwon Shon , Kwangyoun Kim , Prashant Sridhar , Yi-Te Hsu , Shinji Watanabe , Karen Livescu

The lack of high-quality data for content-grounded generation tasks has been identified as a major obstacle to advancing these tasks. To address this gap, we propose Genie, a novel method for automatically generating high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Asaf Yehudai , Boaz Carmeli , Yosi Mass , Ofir Arviv , Nathaniel Mills , Assaf Toledo , Eyal Shnarch , Leshem Choshen

Large Language Model (LLM) reasoning for complex tasks inherently involves a trade-off between solution accuracy and computational efficiency. The subsequent step of verification, while intended to improve performance, further complicates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jianyuan Zhong , Zeju Li , Zhijian Xu , Xiangyu Wen , Kezhi Li , Qiang Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have improved significantly in their reasoning through extensive training on massive datasets. However, relying solely on additional data for improvement is becoming increasingly impractical, highlighting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Gaurav Srivastava , Zhenyu Bi , Meng Lu , Xuan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable breakthroughs in reasoning, yet continue to struggle with hallucinations, logical errors, and inability to self-correct during complex multi-step tasks. Current approaches like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Lingrui Mei , Shenghua Liu , Yiwei Wang , Baolong Bi , Yuyao Ge , Jun Wan , Yurong Wu , Xueqi Cheng

Natural Language Generation (NLG) has made great progress in recent years due to the development of deep learning techniques such as pre-trained language models. This advancement has resulted in more fluent, coherent and even properties…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Wei Li , Wenhao Wu , Moye Chen , Jiachen Liu , Xinyan Xiao , Hua Wu

This paper explores the seamless integration of Generative AI (GenAI) and Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) within the domain of large-scale multi-objective optimization. Focusing on the transformative role of Large Language Models (LLMs), our…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Gaurav Singh , Kavitesh Kumar Bali

Self-Refinement refers to a model's ability to revise its own responses to produce improved outputs. This capability can also serve as a fundamental mechanism for Self-Improvement, for example, by reconstructing datasets with refined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yongcheng Zeng , Xinyu Cui , Xuanfa Jin , Qirui Mi , Guoqing Liu , Zexu Sun , Mengyue Yang , Dong Li , Weiyu Ma , Ning Yang , Jian Zhao , Jianye Hao , Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang

Most sentence embedding techniques heavily rely on expensive human-annotated sentence pairs as the supervised signals. Despite the use of large-scale unlabeled data, the performance of unsupervised methods typically lags far behind that of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Yiming Chen , Yan Zhang , Bin Wang , Zuozhu Liu , Haizhou Li

Assessing the reliability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by confidence elicitation is a prominent approach to AI safety in high-stakes applications, such as healthcare and finance. Existing methods either require expensive computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhaohan Zhang , Ziquan Liu , Ioannis Patras

Ensuring contextual faithfulness in retrieval-augmented large language models (LLMs) is crucial for building trustworthy information-seeking systems, particularly in long-form question-answering (LFQA) scenarios. In this work, we identify a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Lei Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Weitao Ma , Yuchun Fan , Xiachong Feng , Yangfan Ye , Weihong Zhong , Yuxuan Gu , Baoxin Wang , Dayong Wu , Guoping Hu , Bing Qin

Current large language models (LLMs) primarily utilize next-token prediction method for inference, which significantly impedes their processing speed. In this paper, we introduce a novel inference methodology termed next-sentence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Hongjun An , Yifan Chen , Zhe Sun , Xuelong Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems often fail to maintain contextual faithfulness, generating responses that conflict with the provided context or fail to fully leverage the provided evidence. Existing methods attempt to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Linfeng Gao , Qinggang Zhang , Baolong Bi , Bo Zeng , Zheng Yuan , Zerui Chen , Zhimin Wei , Shenghua Liu , Linlong Xu , Longyue Wang , Weihua Luo , Jinsong Su

Large language models (LLMs) have shown success in generating high-quality responses. In order to achieve better alignment with LLMs with human preference, various works are proposed based on specific optimization process, which, however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Zhuo Li , Yuhao Du , Jinpeng Hu , Xiang Wan , Anningzhe Gao
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