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Related papers: Limitations of Amplitude Encoding on Quantum Class…

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In classical estimation theory, the central limit theorem implies that the statistical error in a measurement outcome can be reduced by an amount proportional to n^(-1/2) by repeating the measures n times and then averaging. Using quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Vittorio Giovannetti , Seth Lloyd , Lorenzo Maccone

Interest in quantum machine learning is increasingly growing due to its potential to offer more efficient solutions for problems that are difficult to tackle with classical methods. In this context, the research work presented here focuses…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-11 A. De Lorenzis , M. P. Casado , M. P. Estarellas , N. Lo Gullo , T. Lux , F. Plastina , A. Riera , J. Settino

We combine classical and quantum Machine Learning (ML) techniques to effectively analyze long time-series data acquired during experiments. Specifically, we demonstrate that replacing a deep classical neural network with a thoughtfully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 G. Maragkopoulos , N. Stefanakos , A. Mandilara , D. Syvridis

For the last few decades, classical machine learning has allowed us to improve the lives of many through automation, natural language processing, predictive analytics and much more. However, a major concern is the fact that we're fast…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-22 Arhum Ishtiaq , Sara Mahmood

In this paper, we study quantum dense coding between two arbitrarily fixed particles in a (N+2)-particle maximally-entangled states through introducing an auxiliary qubit and carrying out local measurements. It is shown that the transmitted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jian-Lan Chen , Le-Man Kuang

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) offers tremendous potential but is currently limited by the availability of qubits. We introduce an innovative approach that utilizes pre-trained neural networks to enhance Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Jun Qi , Chao-Han Yang , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Pin-Yu Chen , Hector Zenil , Jesper Tegner

We first show that the standard deviation error of quantum amplitude estimation is asymptotically lower bounded by approximately $1.28 L^{-1}$, where $L$ is the number of queries. Then we propose a generalized qubitization that can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Xi Lu , Hongwei Lin

Quantum machine learning (QML) requires significant quantum resources to address practical real-world problems. When the underlying quantum information exhibits hierarchical structures in the data, limitations persist in training complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Quoc Hoan Tran , Yasuhiro Endo , Hirotaka Oshima

Despite their ever more widespread deployment throughout society, machine learning algorithms remain critically vulnerable to being spoofed by subtle adversarial tampering with their input data. The prospect of near-term quantum computers…

Machine learning models are used for pattern recognition analysis of big data, without direct human intervention. The task of unsupervised learning is to find the probability distribution that would best describe the available data, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Apoorva D. Patel

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) is a young but rapidly growing field where quantum information meets machine learning. Here, we will introduce a new QML model generalizing the classical concept of Reinforcement Learning to the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Nicola Dalla Pozza , Lorenzo Buffoni , Stefano Martina , Filippo Caruso

In recent developments, deep learning methodologies applied to Natural Language Processing (NLP) have revealed a paradox: They improve performance but demand considerable data and resources for their training. Alternatively, quantum…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Farha Nausheen , Khandakar Ahmed , M Imad Khan , Farina Riaz

Quantum entanglement is an essential feature of many-body systems that impacts both quantum information processing and fundamental physics. The growth of entanglement is a major challenge for classical simulation methods. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Qi Zhao , You Zhou , Andrew M. Childs

Data scarcity remains a central challenge in materials discovery, where finding meaningful descriptors and tuning models for generalization is critical but inherently a discrete optimization problem prone to multiple local minima…

Most machine learning models, especially artificial neural networks, require numerical, not categorical data. We briefly describe the advantages and disadvantages of common encoding schemes. For example, one-hot encoding is commonly used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Haw-minn Lu

Quantum entanglement offers powerful opportunities for enhancing measurement sensitivity beyond classical limits, with optical atomic clocks serving as a leading platform for such advances. This chapter introduces the principles of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Raphael Kaubruegger , Adam M. Kaufman

Reliable quantum supervised learning of a multivariate function mapping depends on the expressivity of the corresponding quantum circuit and measurement resources. We introduce exponential-data-encoding strategies that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 S. Shin , Y. S. Teo , H. Jeong

Quantum computers progress toward outperforming classical supercomputers, but quantum errors remain their primary obstacle. The key to overcoming errors on near-term devices has emerged through the field of quantum error mitigation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-14 Haoran Liao , Derek S. Wang , Iskandar Sitdikov , Ciro Salcedo , Alireza Seif , Zlatko K. Minev

Quantum Extreme Learning Machine (QELM) is an emerging hybrid quantum machine learning framework that leverages quantum system dynamics to enhance classical models. However, QELM can suffer from the exponential concentration problem, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Payal D. Solanki , Anh Pham

Quantum extreme learning machines (QELMs) are unconventional computing architectures that bear remarkable promise in both classical and quantum machine-learning tasks, such as the estimate of quantum state properties. However, the…