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Vision-language models (VLMs) have exhibited remarkable generalization capabilities, and prompt learning for VLMs has attracted great attention for the ability to adapt pre-trained VLMs to specific downstream tasks. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Song-Lin Lv , Yu-Yang Chen , Zhi Zhou , Ming Yang , Lan-Zhe Guo

Vision-language models such as CLIP learn a generic text-image embedding from large-scale training data. A vision-language model can be adapted to a new classification task through few-shot prompt tuning. We find that such a prompt tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Cheng-En Wu , Yu Tian , Haichao Yu , Heng Wang , Pedro Morgado , Yu Hen Hu , Linjie Yang

Few-shot classification is a challenging problem that aims to learn a model that can adapt to unseen classes given a few labeled samples. Recent approaches pre-train a feature extractor, and then fine-tune for episodic meta-learning. Other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Philip Chikontwe , Soopil Kim , Sang Hyun Park

As the capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) advance, they can process increasingly large inputs, which, unlike in LLMs, generates significant visual token redundancy and leads to prohibitive inference costs. While many methods aim…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Pu Zhang , Yuwei Li , Xingyuan Xian , Guoming Tang

Few-shot Learning aims to learn and distinguish new categories with a very limited number of available images, presenting a significant challenge in the realm of deep learning. Recent researchers have sought to leverage the additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Chunpeng Zhou , Haishuai Wang , Xilu Yuan , Zhi Yu , Jiajun Bu

Recently, multimodal prompting, which introduces learnable missing-aware prompts for all missing modality cases, has exhibited impressive performance. However, it encounters two critical issues: 1) The number of prompts grows exponentially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jaehyuk Jang , Yooseung Wang , Changick Kim

We propose a novel prompt tuning method called CoAPT(Context Attribute words in Prompt Tuning) for few/zero-shot image classification. The core motivation is that attributes are descriptive words with rich information about a given concept.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Gun Lee , Subin An , Sungyong Baik , Soochahn Lee

Prompt learning has been widely adopted to efficiently adapt vision-language models (VLMs), e.g. CLIP, for few-shot image classification. Despite their success, most prompt learning methods trade-off between classification accuracy and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Marc Lafon , Elias Ramzi , Clément Rambour , Nicolas Audebert , Nicolas Thome

Few-shot object detection aims to detect instances of specific categories in a query image with only a handful of support samples. Although this takes less effort than obtaining enough annotated images for supervised object detection, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Hojun Lee , Myunggi Lee , Nojun Kwak

Blind face restoration aims to recover high-quality facial images from various unidentified sources of degradation, posing significant challenges due to the minimal information retrievable from the degraded images. Prior knowledge-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Wanglong Lu , Jikai Wang , Tao Wang , Kaihao Zhang , Xianta Jiang , Hanli Zhao

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often rely on in-context learning (ICL) to perform new visual question answering (VQA) tasks with minimal supervision. However, ICL performance, especially in smaller LMMs, does not always improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Akash Gupta , Amos Storkey , Mirella Lapata

Medical Vision-Language Models (Med-VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse medical imaging tasks by leveraging large-scale image-text pretraining. However, their confidence calibration is largely unexplored, and so…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Abhishek Basu , Fahad Shamshad , Ashshak Sharifdeen , Karthik Nandakumar , Muhammad Haris Khan

This paper pursues the insight that language models naturally enable an intelligent variation operator similar in spirit to evolutionary crossover. In particular, language models of sufficient scale demonstrate in-context learning, i.e.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Elliot Meyerson , Mark J. Nelson , Herbie Bradley , Adam Gaier , Arash Moradi , Amy K. Hoover , Joel Lehman

This paper presents a simple and effective visual prompting method for adapting pre-trained models to downstream recognition tasks. Our method includes two key designs. First, rather than directly adding together the prompt and the image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Junyang Wu , Xianhang Li , Chen Wei , Huiyu Wang , Alan Yuille , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

The recent introduction of prompt tuning based on pre-trained vision-language models has dramatically improved the performance of multi-label image classification. However, some existing strategies that have been explored still have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Xiangyu Wu , Qing-Yuan Jiang , Yang Yang , Yi-Feng Wu , Qing-Guo Chen , Jianfeng Lu

In this work, we explore "prompt tuning", a simple yet effective mechanism for learning "soft prompts" to condition frozen language models to perform specific downstream tasks. Unlike the discrete text prompts used by GPT-3, soft prompts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Brian Lester , Rami Al-Rfou , Noah Constant

Vision-language models (VLMs) pre-trained on natural image and language data, such as CLIP, have exhibited significant potential in few-shot image recognition tasks, leading to development of various efficient transfer learning methods.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Dexia Chen , Wentao Zhang , Qianjie Zhu , Ping Hu , Weibing Li , Tong Zhang , Ruixuan Wang

Vision models are often vulnerable to out-of-distribution (OOD) samples without adapting. While visual prompts offer a lightweight method of input-space adaptation for large-scale vision models, they rely on a high-dimensional additive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Yun-Yun Tsai , Chengzhi Mao , Junfeng Yang

Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient and effective approach for transferring foundational Vision-Language Models (e.g., CLIP) to downstream tasks. However, current methods tend to overfit to seen categories, thereby limiting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Chen Xu , Yuhan Zhu , Guozhen Zhang , Haocheng Shen , Yixuan Liao , Xiaoxin Chen , Gangshan Wu , Limin Wang

Prompt learning has emerged as a promising paradigm for adapting pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) to few-shot whole slide image (WSI) classification by aligning visual features with textual representations, thereby reducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junjie Zhou , Wei Shao , Yagao Yue , Wei Mu , Peng Wan , Qi Zhu , Daoqiang Zhang