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We study Reinforcement Learning for partially observable dynamical systems using function approximation. We propose a new \textit{Partially Observable Bilinear Actor-Critic framework}, that is general enough to include models such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Masatoshi Uehara , Ayush Sekhari , Jason D. Lee , Nathan Kallus , Wen Sun

Although numerous strategies have recently been proposed to enhance the autonomous interaction capabilities of multimodal agents in graphical user interface (GUI), their reliability remains limited when faced with complex or out-of-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Pengzhou Cheng , Lingzhong Dong , Zeng Wu , Zongru Wu , Xiangru Tang , Chengwei Qin , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Optimization of parameterized policies for reinforcement learning (RL) is an important and challenging problem in artificial intelligence. Among the most common approaches are algorithms based on gradient ascent of a score function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Sriram Srinivasan , Marc Lanctot , Vinicius Zambaldi , Julien Perolat , Karl Tuyls , Remi Munos , Michael Bowling

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) policies are known to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations to their observations, similar to adversarial examples for classifiers. However, an attacker is not usually able to directly modify another…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Adam Gleave , Michael Dennis , Cody Wild , Neel Kant , Sergey Levine , Stuart Russell

Reinforcement Learning faces an important challenge in partial observable environments that has long-term dependencies. In order to learn in an ambiguous environment, an agent has to keep previous perceptions in a memory. Earlier memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Alper Demir

Using Reinforcement Learning (RL) in simulation to construct policies useful in real life is challenging. This is often attributed to the sequential decision making aspect: inaccuracies in simulation accumulate over multiple steps, hence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-09 Rika Antonova , Silvia Cruciani

Robotic manipulation stands as a largely unsolved problem despite significant advances in robotics and machine learning in the last decades. One of the central challenges of manipulation is partial observability, as the agent usually does…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Tim Schneider , Boris Belousov , Hany Abdulsamad , Jan Peters

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is one of the most powerful tools for synthesizing complex robotic behaviors. But training DRL models is incredibly compute and memory intensive, requiring large training datasets and replay buffers to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Lev Grossman , Brian Plancher

Learning a control policy capable of adapting to time-varying and potentially evolving system dynamics has been a great challenge to the mainstream reinforcement learning (RL). Mainly, the ever-changing system properties would continuously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Po-Hsiang Chiu , Manfred Huber

This paper investigates whether learning contingency-awareness and controllable aspects of an environment can lead to better exploration in reinforcement learning. To investigate this question, we consider an instantiation of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Jongwook Choi , Yijie Guo , Marcin Moczulski , Junhyuk Oh , Neal Wu , Mohammad Norouzi , Honglak Lee

Complex environments and tasks pose a difficult problem for holistic end-to-end learning approaches. Decomposition of an environment into interacting controllable and non-controllable objects allows supervised learning for non-controllable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Andrew Melnik , Sascha Fleer , Malte Schilling , Helge Ritter

Recent studies have shown that reinforcement learning (RL) models are vulnerable in various noisy scenarios. For instance, the observed reward channel is often subject to noise in practice (e.g., when rewards are collected through sensors),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Jingkang Wang , Yang Liu , Bo Li

Due to the capability of deep learning to perform well in high dimensional problems, deep reinforcement learning agents perform well in challenging tasks such as Atari 2600 games. However, clearly explaining why a certain action is taken by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Laurens Weitkamp , Elise van der Pol , Zeynep Akata

Machine learning is a prevalent approach to tame the complexity of design space exploration for domain-specific architectures. Using ML for design space exploration poses challenges. First, it's not straightforward to identify the suitable…

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) recently emerged as one of the most competitive approaches for learning in sequential decision making problems with fully observable environments, e.g., computer Go. However, very little work has been done…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Pengfei Zhu , Xin Li , Pascal Poupart , Guanghui Miao

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) recently emerged as one of the most competitive approaches for learning in sequential decision making problems with fully observable environments, e.g., computer Go. However, very little work has been done…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-25 Pengfei Zhu , Xin Li , Pascal Poupart , Guanghui Miao

How much does a trained RL policy actually use its past observations? We propose \emph{Temporal Range}, a model-agnostic metric that treats first-order sensitivities of multiple vector outputs across a temporal window to the input sequence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Rodney Lafuente-Mercado , Daniela Rus , T. Konstantin Rusch

Exploration remains a central challenge for reinforcement learning (RL). Virtually all existing methods share the feature of a monolithic behaviour policy that changes only gradually (at best). In contrast, the exploratory behaviours of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Miruna Pîslar , David Szepesvari , Georg Ostrovski , Diana Borsa , Tom Schaul

Developing lifelong learning agents is crucial for artificial general intelligence (AGI). However, deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems often suffer from plasticity loss, where neural networks gradually lose their ability to adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Mingqi Yuan , Qi Wang , Guozheng Ma , Caihao Sun , Bo Li , Xin Jin , Yunbo Wang , Xiaokang Yang , Wenjun Zeng , Dacheng Tao , Jiayu Chen

It has been arduous to assess the progress of a policy learning algorithm in the domain of hierarchical task with high dimensional action space due to the lack of a commonly accepted benchmark. In this work, we propose a new light-weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Siwei Chen , Xiao Ma , David Hsu