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The complementary second Zagreb index of a graph $G$ is defined as $cM_2(G)=\sum_{uv\in E(G)}|(d_u(G))^2-(d_v(G))^2|$, where $d_u(G)$ denotes the degree of a vertex $u$ in $G$ and $E(G)$ represents the edge set of $G$. Let $G^*$ be a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Hicham Saber , Tariq Alraqad , Akbar Ali , Abdulaziz M. Alanazi , Zahid Raza

The second Zagreb index of a graph G is denoted by $M_2(G)=\sum_{uv\in E(G)}d(u)d(v)$. In this paper, we investigate properties of the extremal graphs with the maximum second Zagreb indices with given graphic sequences, in particular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-30 Wei-Gang Yuan , Xiao-Dong Zhang

The first Zagreb index $M_{1}$ of a graph is defined as the sum of the square of every vertex degree, and the second Zagreb index $M_{2}$ of a graph is defined as the sum of the product of vertex degrees of each pair of adjacent vertices.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Xiaocong He , Xiaobo He

The hyper Zagreb index is a kind of extensions of Zagreb index, used for predicting physicochemical properties of organic compounds. Given a graph $G= (V(G), E(G))$, the first hyper-Zagreb index is the sum of the square of edge degree over…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-08 Shaohui Wang , Wei Gao , Muhammad K. Jamil , Mohammad R. Farahani , Jia-Bao Liu

For a simple graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, the first Zagreb index and the second Zagreb index are defined as $M_1(G)=\sum_{v\in V}d(v)^2 $ and $M_2(G)=\sum_{uv\in E}d(u)d(v)$. In \cite{VGFAD}, it was shown that if a connected…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Hosam Abdo , Darko Dimitrov , Ivan Gutman

The first multiplicative Zagreb index of a graph $G$ is the product of the square of every vertex degree, while the second multiplicative Zagreb index is the product of the products of degrees of pairs of adjacent vertices. In this paper,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-21 Shaohui Wang , Chunxiang Wang , Lin Chen , Jia-Bao Liu

For a graph $G$, the first multiplicative Zagreb index $\prod_1(G) $ is the product of squares of vertex degrees, and the second multiplicative Zagreb index $\prod_2(G) $ is the product of products of degrees of pairs of adjacent vertices.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-09 Shengjin Ji , Shaohui Wang , Tilahun Muche , Sakander Hayat

For a (molecular) graph, the first multiplicative Zagreb index $\prod_1(G) $ is the product of the square of every vertex degree, and the second multiplicative Zagreb index $\prod_2(G) $ is the product of the products of degrees of pairs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-25 Shaohui Wang

In this paper we give new bounds for a several vertex-based and edge-based topological indices of graphs: Albertson irregularity index, degree variance index, Mostar and the first Zagreb index. Moreover, we give a new upper bound for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-25 Arber Avdullahu , Slobodan Filipovski

Topological indices are numerical invariants derived from molecular graphs and play an important role in characterizing chemical compounds and predicting their properties. Among the earliest descriptors are the classical Zagreb indices…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Kinkar Chandra Das , Jayanta Bera

The first multiplicative Zagreb index of a graph $G$ is the product of the square of every vertex degree, while the second multiplicative Zagreb index is the product of the degree of each edge over all edges. In our work, we explore the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-28 Chunxiang Wang , Jia-Bao Liu , Shaohui Wang

In this paper we present a theoretical analysis in order to establish maximal and minimal vectors with respect to the majorization order of particular subsets of \Re ^n: Afterwards we apply these issues to the calcula- tion of bounds for a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-27 Monica Bianchi , Alessandra Cornaro , Anna Torriero

The first Zagreb index of a graph $G$ is the sum of squares of the vertex degrees in a graph and the second Zagreb index of $G$ is the sum of products of degrees of adjacent vertices in $G$. The imbalance of an edge in $G$ is the numerical…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Sudev Naduvath , Johan Kok

The second Zagreb index is $M_2(G)=\sum_{uv\in E(G)}d_{G}(u)d_{G}(v)$. It was found to occur in certain approximate expressions of the total $\pi$-electron energy of alternant hydrocarbons and used by various researchers in their QSPR and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-17 Mingyao Zeng , Hanyuan Deng

The first Zagreb index of a graph $G$ is the sum of the square of every vertex degree, while the second Zagreb index is the sum of the product of vertex degrees of each edge over all edges. In our work, we solve an open question about…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-07 Shengjin Ji , Shaohui Wang

In this paper, we prove a collection of results on graphical indices. We determine the extremal graphs attaining the maximal generalized Wiener index (e.g. the hyper-Wiener index) among all graphs with given matching number or independence…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Stijn Cambie

The aim of this paper is to obtain new sharp inequalities for a large family of topological indices, including the first variable Zagreb index $M_1^\alpha$, and to characterize the set of extremal graphs with respect to them. Our main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-07 Alvaro Martínez-Pérez , José M. Rodríguez

The Zagreb index of a hypergraph is defined as the sum of the squares of the degrees of its vertices. A connected $k$-uniform hypergraph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges is called bicyclic if $n=m(k-1)-1$. In this paper, we determine the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Hong Zhou , Changjiang Bu

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a graph. The first Zagreb index and the forgotten topological index of a graph $G$ are defined respectively as $\sum_{u \in V} d^2(u)$ and $\sum_{u \in V} d^3(u)$, where $d(u)$ is the degree of vertex $u$ in $G$. If the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Rao Li

Making use of a majorization technique for a suitable class of graphs, we derive upper and lower bounds for some topological indices depending on the degree sequence over all vertices, namely the first general Zagreb index and the first…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-27 Monica Bianchi , Alessandra Cornaro , José Luis Palacios , Anna Torriero
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