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Benefiting from the advancements in LLMs, NLP software has undergone rapid development. Such software is widely employed in various safety-critical tasks, such as financial sentiment analysis, toxic content moderation, and log generation.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Mingxuan Xiao , Yan Xiao , Shunhui Ji , Hanbo Cai , Lei Xue , Pengcheng Zhang

The dependence of Natural Language Processing (NLP) intelligent software on Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly prominent, underscoring the necessity for robustness testing. Current testing methods focus solely on the robustness of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Mingxuan Xiao , Yan Xiao , Hai Dong , Shunhui Ji , Pengcheng Zhang

Fuzzing has shown great success in evaluating the robustness of intelligent natural language processing (NLP) software. As large language model (LLM)-based NLP software is widely deployed in critical industries, existing methods still face…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Mingxuan Xiao , Yan Xiao , Shunhui Ji , Jiahe Tu , Pengcheng Zhang

In recent years, the application of behavioral testing in Natural Language Processing (NLP) model evaluation has experienced a remarkable and substantial growth. However, the existing methods continue to be restricted by the requirements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Hengrui Xing , Cong Tian , Liang Zhao , Zhi Ma , WenSheng Wang , Nan Zhang , Chao Huang , Zhenhua Duan

The increasing reliance on Large Language Models (LLMs) across academia and industry necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their robustness to prompts. In response to this vital need, we introduce PromptRobust, a robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Kaijie Zhu , Jindong Wang , Jiaheng Zhou , Zichen Wang , Hao Chen , Yidong Wang , Linyi Yang , Wei Ye , Yue Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Xing Xie

Software testing remains critical for ensuring reliability, yet traditional approaches are slow, costly, and prone to gaps in coverage. This paper presents an AI-driven framework that automates test case generation and validation using…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Saba Naqvi , Mohammad Baqar

Evaluating the programming robustness of large language models (LLMs) is paramount for ensuring their reliability in AI-based software development. However, adversarial attacks exhibit fundamental limitations that compromise fair robustness…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sen Fang , Weiyuan Ding , Mengshi Zhang , Zihao Chen , Bowen Xu

When using LLMs to address Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs), developers may behave differently (e.g., expressing the same NFR in different words). Robust LLMs should output consistent results across these variations; however, this aspect…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Feng Lin , Dong Jae Kim , Zhenhao Li , Jinqiu Yang , Tse-Hsun , Chen

Recent natural language processing (NLP) techniques have accomplished high performance on benchmark datasets, primarily due to the significant improvement in the performance of deep learning. The advances in the research community have led…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Marwan Omar , Soohyeon Choi , DaeHun Nyang , David Mohaisen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising cornerstone for the development of natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). However, ensuring the robustness of LLMs remains a critical challenge. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Pankaj Kumar , Subhankar Mishra

Test cases are essential for validating the reliability and quality of software applications. Recent studies have demonstrated the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate useful test cases for given source code. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Shuzheng Gao , Chaozheng Wang , Cuiyun Gao , Xiaoqian Jiao , Chun Yong Chong , Shan Gao , Michael Lyu

Large language models (LLMs) achieve promising results in code generation based on a given natural language description. They have been integrated into open-source projects and commercial products to facilitate daily coding activities. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Junkai Chen , Zhenhao Li , Xing Hu , Xin Xia

Traditional benchmarks for large language models (LLMs), such as HELM and AIR-BENCH, primarily assess safety through breadth-oriented evaluation across diverse tasks and risk categories. However, real-world deployment often exposes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Keita Broadwater

In the realm of spoken language understanding (SLU), numerous natural language understanding (NLU) methodologies have been adapted by supplying large language models (LLMs) with transcribed speech instead of conventional written text. In…

Traditional benchmarks for large language models (LLMs), such as HELM and AIR-BENCH, primarily assess safety risk through breadth-oriented evaluation across diverse tasks. However, real-world deployment often exposes a different class of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Keita Broadwater

Recent large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive reasoning milestones but continue to struggle with high computational costs, logical inconsistencies, and sharp performance degradation on high-complexity problems. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Adam Ishay , Joohyung Lee

With the increasing capabilities of large language models (LLMs), these high-performance models have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the models' performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Guanting Dong , Jinxu Zhao , Tingfeng Hui , Daichi Guo , Wenlong Wan , Boqi Feng , Yueyan Qiu , Zhuoma Gongque , Keqing He , Zechen Wang , Weiran Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities in following human instructions. However, recent studies have raised concerns about the robustness of LLMs when prompted with instructions combining textual adversarial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yuansen Zhang , Xiao Wang , Zhiheng Xi , Han Xia , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

The demand for efficient large language model (LLM) inference has propelled the development of dedicated accelerators. As accelerators are vulnerable to hardware faults due to aging, variation, etc, existing accelerator designs often…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Tong Xie , Jiawang Zhao , Zishen Wan , Zuodong Zhang , Yuan Wang , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

The language models, especially the basic text classification models, have been shown to be susceptible to textual adversarial attacks such as synonym substitution and word insertion attacks. To defend against such attacks, a growing body…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Xinyu Zhang , Hanbin Hong , Yuan Hong , Peng Huang , Binghui Wang , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren
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