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Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular approach for expensive black-box optimization, with applications including parameter tuning, experimental design, robotics. BO usually models the objective function by a Gaussian process (GP), and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-22 Chao Qian , Hang Xiong , Ke Xue

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular approach to optimize expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. A significant challenge in BO is to scale to high-dimensional parameter spaces while retaining sample efficiency. A solution considered…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-26 Benjamin Letham , Roberto Calandra , Akshara Rai , Eytan Bakshy

Existing Bayesian Optimization (BO) methods typically balance exploration and exploitation to optimize costly objective functions. However, these methods often suffer from a significant one-step bias, which may lead to convergence towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ruiyao Miao , Junren Xiao , Shiya Tsang , Hui Xiong , Yingnian Wu

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is an effective method for optimizing expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions with a wide range of applications for example in robotics, system design and parameter optimization. However, scaling BO to problems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Lukas P. Fröhlich , Edgar D. Klenske , Christian G. Daniel , Melanie N. Zeilinger

This work introduces a novel blackbox optimization algorithm for computationally expensive constrained multi-fidelity problems. When applying a direct search method to such problems, the scarcity of feasible points may lead to numerous…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Stéphane Alarie , Charles Audet , Miguel Diago , Sébastien Le Digabel , Xavier Lebeuf

Black-box optimization (BBO) involves functions that are unknown, inexact and/or expensive-to-evaluate. Existing BBO algorithms face several challenges, including high computational cost from extensive evaluations, difficulty in handling…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Zixuan Zhang , Xiaowei Song , Jiaming Li , Yujiao Zeng , Yaling Nie , Min Zhu , Dongyun Lu , Yibo Zhang , Xin Xiao , Jie Li

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a widely used approach to hyperparameter optimization (HPO). However, most existing HPO methods only incorporate expert knowledge during initialization, limiting practitioners' ability to influence the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Lukas Fehring , Marcel Wever , Maximilian Spliethöver , Leona Hennig , Henning Wachsmuth , Marius Lindauer

Black-box zero-th order optimization is a central primitive for applications in fields as diverse as finance, physics, and engineering. In a common formulation of this problem, a designer sequentially attempts candidate solutions, receiving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Yunchuan Zhang , Sangwoo Park , Osvaldo Simeone

Many real-world optimisation problems are defined over both categorical and continuous variables, yet efficient optimisation methods such asBayesian Optimisation (BO) are not designed tohandle such mixed-variable search spaces. Recent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-18 Yan Zuo , Amir Dezfouli , Iadine Chades , David Alexander , Benjamin Ward Muir

Consensus-based optimization (CBO) is a versatile multi-particle metaheuristic optimization method suitable for performing nonconvex and nonsmooth global optimizations in high dimensions. It has proven effective in various applications…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Massimo Fornasier , Peter Richtárik , Konstantin Riedl , Lukang Sun

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for evaluating the effects of changes to real-world systems. Data in these tests may be difficult to collect and outcomes may have high variance, resulting in potentially large measurement error.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-27 Benjamin Letham , Brian Karrer , Guilherme Ottoni , Eytan Bakshy

Bayesian optimisation (BO) uses probabilistic surrogate models - usually Gaussian processes (GPs) - for the optimisation of expensive black-box functions. At each BO iteration, the GP hyperparameters are fit to previously-evaluated data by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 George De Ath , Richard Everson , Jonathan Fieldsend

Bayesian optimization (BO) offers an elegant approach for efficiently optimizing black-box functions. However, acquisition criteria demand their own challenging inner-optimization, which can induce significant overhead. Many practical BO…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-09 Nathan Wycoff , John W. Smith , Annie S. Booth , Robert B. Gramacy

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) and neural architecture search (NAS) are powerful in attaining state-of-the-art machine learning models, with Bayesian optimization (BO) standing out as a mainstream method. Extending BO into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jiantong Jiang , Ajmal Mian

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an efficient method for optimizing expensive black-box functions. In real-world applications, BO often faces a major problem of missing values in inputs. The missing inputs can happen in two cases. First, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Phuc Luong , Dang Nguyen , Sunil Gupta , Santu Rana , Svetha Venkatesh

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a sequential decision-making tool widely used for optimizing expensive black-box functions. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable adaptability in low-data regimes, making them promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Chih-Yu Chang , Milad Azvar , Chinedum Okwudire , Raed Al Kontar

We propose to use Bayesian optimization (BO) to improve the efficiency of the design selection process in clinical trials. BO is a method to optimize expensive black-box functions, by using a regression as a surrogate to guide the search.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-20 Jakob Richter , Tim Friede , Jörg Rahnenführer

Automatic controller tuning is attractive for robotics and mechatronic systems whose dynamics are difficult to model accurately, but direct black-box optimization can be unsafe because each query is executed on the physical plant. Existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Hongxuan Wang , Xiaocong Li , Lihao Zheng , Adrish Bhaumik , Prahlad Vadakkepat

How can we efficiently gather information to optimize an unknown function, when presented with multiple, mutually dependent information sources with different costs? For example, when optimizing a robotic system, intelligently trading off…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Jialin Song , Yuxin Chen , Yisong Yue

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is a fundamental problem in automatic machine learning (AutoML). However, due to the expensive evaluation cost of models (e.g., training deep learning models or training models on large datasets), vanilla…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Yang Li , Yu Shen , Jiawei Jiang , Jinyang Gao , Ce Zhang , Bin Cui