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We propose and analyze a protocol to study quantum information scrambling using statistical correlations between measurements, which are performed after evolving a quantum system from randomized initial states. We prove that the resulting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-03 Benoît Vermersch , Andreas Elben , Lukas M. Sieberer , Norman Y. Yao , Peter Zoller

Out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs) can be used to probe how quickly a quantum system scrambles information when the initial conditions of the dynamics are changed. In sufficiently large quantum systems, one can extract from the OTOC the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-03-31 Chenghao Zhang , Peter G. Wolynes , Martin Gruebele

The delocalization or scrambling of quantum information has emerged as a central ingredient in the understanding of thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems. Recently, significant progress has been made analytically by modeling…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-04-20 Jonah Kudler-Flam , Ramanjit Sohal , Laimei Nie

We study information scrambling -- a spread of initially localized quantum information into the system's many degree of freedom -- in discrete-time quantum walks. We consider out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOC) and K-complexity as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 Himanshu Sahu

Quantum scrambling describes the spreading of local information into many degrees of freedom in quantum systems. This provides the conceptual connection among diverse phenomena ranging from thermalizing quantum dynamics to models of black…

The theory of quantum information provides a common language which links disciplines ranging from cosmology to condensed-matter physics. For example, the delocalization of quantum information in strongly-interacting many-body systems, known…

We adopt a continuous weak measurement tomography protocol to explore the signatures of chaos in the quantum system(s). We generate the measurement record as a series of expectation values of an observable evolving under the desired…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-16 Abinash Sahu

The complexity of simulating quantum many-body dynamics, or quantum computations, in the Heisenberg picture is governed by the scrambling of initially simple operators into superpositions of exponentially many Pauli strings. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Neil Dowling , Xhek Turkeshi , Jacopo De Nardis , Guglielmo Lami

In recent years, the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC) has emerged as a diagnostic tool for information scrambling in quantum many-body systems. Here, we present exact analytical results for the OTOC for a typical pair of random local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-22 Georgios Styliaris , Namit Anand , Paolo Zanardi

Understanding how and whether local perturbations can affect the entire quantum system is a fundamental step in understanding non-equilibrium phenomena such as thermalization. This knowledge of non-equilibrium phenomena is applicable for…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-04-03 Eric Mascot , Masahiro Nozaki , Masaki Tezuka

Operator size growth describes the scrambling of operators in quantum dynamics and stands out as an essential physical concept for characterizing quantum chaos. Important as it is, a scheme for direct measuring operator size on a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Xi-Dan Hu , Tong Luo , Dan-Bo Zhang

The study of information scrambling has profoundly deepened our understanding of many-body quantum systems. Much recent research has been devote to understanding the interplay between scrambling and decoherence in open systems. Continuing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Emanuel Dallas , Faidon Andreadakis , Paolo Zanardi

The idea of the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC) has recently emerged in the study of both condensed matter systems and gravitational systems. It not only plays a key role in investigating the holographic duality between a strongly…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-07-26 Jun Li , Ruihua Fan , Hengyan Wang , Bingtian Ye , Bei Zeng , Hui Zhai , Xinhua Peng , Jiangfeng Du

Quantum information scrambling is a unitary process that destroys local correlations and spreads information throughout the system, effectively hiding it in nonlocal degrees of freedom. In principle, unscrambling this information is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-06 Salvatore F. E. Oliviero , Lorenzo Leone , Seth Lloyd , Alioscia Hamma

Local excitations as carriers of quantum information spread out in the system in ways governed by the underlying interaction and symmetry. Understanding this phenomenon, also called quantum scrambling, is a prerequisite for employing…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-12-21 M. Sekania , M. Melz , N. Sedlmayr , Sunil K. Mishra , J. Berakdar

Operator growth in spatially local quantum many-body systems defines a scrambling velocity. We prove that this scrambling velocity bounds the state dependence of the out-of-time-ordered correlator in local lattice models. We verify this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-09 Xizhi Han , Sean A. Hartnoll

Investigating the influence of quantum information (QI) scrambling on quantum correlations in a physical system is an interesting problem. In this article we establish the mathematical connections among the quantifiers known as quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-10 Kapil K. Sharma , Vladimir P. Gerdt

Large-scale quantum networks, known as quantum internet, hold great promises for advanced distributed quantum computing and long-distance quantum communication. It is essential to have a proper theoretical analysis of the quantum network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Kiran Adhikari , Christian Deppe

Quantum dynamics is of fundamental interest and has implications in quantum information processing. The four-point out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) is traditionally used to quantify quantum information scrambling under many-body…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-06 Roy J. Garcia , You Zhou , Arthur Jaffe

Scrambling is the delocalization of quantum information over a many-body system and underlies all quantum-chaotic dynamics. We employ discrete quantum cellular automata as classically simulable toy models of scrambling. We observe that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-01 Brian Kent , Sarah Racz , Sanjit Shashi