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Neurosymbolic learning enables the integration of symbolic reasoning with deep learning but faces significant challenges in scaling to complex symbolic programs, large datasets, or both. We introduce DOLPHIN, a framework that tackles these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Aaditya Naik , Jason Liu , Claire Wang , Amish Sethi , Saikat Dutta , Mayur Naik , Eric Wong

Recent advances in machine learning models allowed robots to identify objects on a perceptual nonsymbolic level (e.g., through sensor fusion and natural language understanding). However, these primarily black-box learning models still lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Amr Gomaa , Bilal Mahdy , Niko Kleer , Michael Feld , Frank Kirchner , Antonio Krüger

Recent years have seen an increasing amount of work on embodied AI agents that can perform tasks by following human language instructions. However, most of these agents are reactive, meaning that they simply learn and imitate behaviors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Yichi Zhang , Jianing Yang , Jiayi Pan , Shane Storks , Nikhil Devraj , Ziqiao Ma , Keunwoo Peter Yu , Yuwei Bao , Joyce Chai

Visual reasoning, particularly spatial reasoning, is a challenging cognitive task that requires understanding object relationships and their interactions within complex environments, especially in robotics domain. Existing vision_language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Simindokht Jahangard , Mehrzad Mohammadi , Abhinav Dhall , Hamid Rezatofighi

Humans interact with the environment using a combination of perception - transforming sensory inputs from their environment into symbols, and cognition - mapping symbols to knowledge about the environment for supporting abstraction,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Amit Sheth , Kaushik Roy , Manas Gaur

The goal of active learning for program synthesis is to synthesize the desired program by asking targeted questions that minimize user interaction. While prior work has explored active learning in the purely symbolic setting, such…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Celeste Barnaby , Qiaochu Chen , Ramya Ramalingam , Osbert Bastani , Isil Dillig

Neuro-symbolic learning (NSL) models complex symbolic rule patterns into latent variable distributions by neural networks, which reduces rule search space and generates unseen rules to improve downstream task performance. Centralized NSL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Pengwei Xing , Songtao Lu , Han Yu

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence is a novel area of AI research which seeks to combine traditional rules-based AI approaches with modern deep learning techniques. Neuro-symbolic models have already demonstrated the capability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Zachary Susskind , Bryce Arden , Lizy K. John , Patrick Stockton , Eugene B. John

Cognitive diagnosis assessment is a fundamental and crucial task for student learning. It models the student-exercise interaction, and discovers the students' proficiency levels on each knowledge attribute. In real-world intelligent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Junhao Shen , Hong Qian , Wei Zhang , Aimin Zhou

While neural symbolic methods demonstrate impressive performance in visual question answering on synthetic images, their performance suffers on real images. We identify that the long-tail distribution of visual concepts and unequal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Zhuowan Li , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Yixiao Zhang , Cihang Xie , Quan Tran , Benjamin Van Durme , Alan Yuille

In this paper we present a neurosymbolic architecture for coupling language-guided visual reasoning with robot manipulation. A non-expert human user can prompt the robot using unconstrained natural language, providing a referring expression…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Georgios Tziafas , Hamidreza Kasaei

The ubiquitous independence assumption among symbolic concepts in neurosymbolic (NeSy) predictors is a convenient simplification: NeSy predictors use it to speed up probabilistic reasoning. Recent works like van Krieken et al. (2024) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Emile van Krieken , Pasquale Minervini , Edoardo Ponti , Antonio Vergari

Entity alignment (EA) aims to merge two knowledge graphs (KGs) by identifying equivalent entity pairs. Existing methods can be categorized into symbolic and neural models. Symbolic models, while precise, struggle with substructure…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shengyuan Chen , Zheng Yuan , Qinggang Zhang , Wen Hua , Jiannong Cao , Xiao Huang

Recent works use a neuro-symbolic framework for general manipulation policies. The advantage of this framework is that -- by applying off-the-shelf vision and language models -- the robot can break complex tasks down into semantic subtasks.…

While imitation learning has shown impressive results in single-task robot manipulation, scaling it to multi-task settings remains a fundamental challenge due to issues such as suboptimal demonstrations, trajectory noise, and behavioral…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yihang Zhu , Weiqing Wang , Shijie Wu , Ye Shi , Jingya Wang

Large pretrained language models and neural reasoning systems have advanced many natural language tasks, yet they remain challenged by knowledge-intensive queries that require precise, structured multi-hop inference. Knowledge graphs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Rong Fu , Yang Li , Zeyu Zhang , Jiekai Wu , Yaohua Liu , Shuaishuai Cao , Yangchen Zeng , Yuhang Zhang , Xiaojing Du , Simon Fong

Situationally-aware artificial agents operating with competence in natural environments face several challenges: spatial awareness, object affordance detection, dynamic changes and unpredictability. A critical challenge is the agent's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Mihai Pomarlan , Stefano De Giorgis , Rachel Ringe , Maria M. Hedblom , Nikolaos Tsiogkas

Reinforcement learning is an appropriate and successful method to robustly perform low-level robot control under noisy conditions. Symbolic action planning is useful to resolve causal dependencies and to break a causally complex problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Manfred Eppe , Phuong D. H. Nguyen , Stefan Wermter

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks but struggle with consistent rule application, exception handling, and explainability, particularly in domains like legal analysis that require both natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Albert Sadowski , Jarosław A. Chudziak

Alchemy is a new meta-learning environment rich enough to contain interesting abstractions, yet simple enough to make fine-grained analysis tractable. Further, Alchemy provides an optional symbolic interface that enables meta-RL research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Badr AlKhamissi , Akshay Srinivasan , Zeb-Kurth Nelson , Sam Ritter
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