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Accurate, reliable solar flare prediction is crucial for mitigating potential disruptions to critical infrastructure, while predicting solar flares remains a significant challenge. Existing methods based on heuristic physical features often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Shunya Nagashima , Komei Sugiura

Prediction of the Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events garner increasing interest as space missions extend beyond Earth's protective magnetosphere. These events, which are, in most cases, products of magnetic reconnection-driven processes…

Physics-based solar cycle predictions provide an effective way to verify our understanding of the solar cycle. Before the start of cycle 25, several physics-based solar cycle predictions were developed. These predictions use flux transport…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Jie Jiang , Zebin Zhang , Kristóf Petrovay

The mainstream dynamo models predict that the sunspot cycle is non-stationary and stochastic. The official Solar Cycle Prediction Panel forecasts only the ongoing sunspot cycle because any forecast beyond one cycle is considered impossible.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-14 Lauri Jetsu

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are one of the most crucial aspects of space weather that require continuous monitoring and forecasting using robust methods. We demonstrate a proof of concept of using a data-driven supervised…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-13 Sumanth A. Rotti , Berkay Aydin , Petrus C. Martens

Detailed models of the solar cycle require information about the starting time and rise time as well as the shape and amplitude of the cycle. However, none of these models includes a discussion of the variations in the length of the cycle,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael L. Rogers , Mercedes T. Richards , Donald St. P. Richards

The solar wind speed at Earth is one of the most important parameters regarding the effects of space weather on society. Thus far, most approaches for predicting the solar wind speed produce a single-value time series without uncertainty,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-13 Daniel E. da Silva , Yash Parlikar , Shaela I. Jones , Charles N. Arge

Accurate forecasting of solar power output is essential for efficient integration of renewable energy into the grid. In this study, an attention-based deep learning model, inspired by transformer architecture, is used for short-term solar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ankan Basu , Jyotiraditya Roy , Aditya Datta , Prayas Sanyal , Sumanta Banerjee

The study of variations in solar activity is important for understanding the underlying mechanism of solar activity and for predicting the level of activity in view of the activity impact on space weather and global climate. Here we have…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-15 J. Javaraiah

In this paper, solar cycles 21 to 24 were compared using complex network analysis. A network was constructed for these four solar cycles to facilitate the comparison. In these networks, the nodes represent the active regions of the Sun that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-17 Eduardo Flández , Alejandro Zamorano , Víctor Muñoz

A storm is a type of extreme weather. Therefore, forecasting the path of a storm is extremely important for protecting human life and property. However, storm forecasting is very challenging because storm trajectories frequently change. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Nguyen Van Thanh , Nguyen Dang Huynh , Nguyen Ngoc Tan , Nguyen Thai Minh , Nguyen Nam Hoang

We study the sunspot activity in relation to spotless days (SLDs) during the descending phase of solar cycle $11$--$24$ to predict the amplitude of sunspot cycle $25$. For this purpose, in addition to SLD, we also use the geomagnetic…

The sunspot number data during the past 400 years indicates that both the profile and the amplitude of the solar cycle have large variations. Some precursors of the solar cycle were identified aiming to predict the solar cycle. The polar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Jie Jiang

It is well accepted that the solar cycle originates from a magnetohydrodynamics dynamo deep inside the Sun. Many dynamo models have long been proposed based on a lot of observational constraints. In this paper, using 342 NSO/Kitt Peak solar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 W. B. Song

This paper proposes an improved deep learning based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in solar photovoltaic cells considering various time series based environmental inputs. Generally, artificial neural network based MPPT algorithms use…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Palaash Agrawal , Hari Om Bansal , Aditya R. Gautam , Om Prakash Mahela , Baseem Khan

This study uses a deep learning approach to forecast ozone concentrations over Seoul, South Korea for 2017. We employ a deep convolutional neural network (CNN). We apply this method to predict the hourly ozone concentration on each day for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-02-01 Ebrahim Eslami , Yunsoo Choi , Yannic Lops , Alqamah Sayeed

The forthcoming solar cycle (SC) 25 was beleived to be rather low when using the sunspot number (SN) as a measurement of the level of activity. The most popular prediction was made by the panel of NASA in 2019, including works based on…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-19 S. Koutchmy , B. Filippov , E. Tavabi , J-C. Noens , O. Wurmser

Most solar applications and systems can be reliably used to generate electricity and power in many homes and offices. Recently, there is an increase in many solar required systems that can be found not only in electricity generation but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Shahriar Rahman , Shazzadur Rahman , A K M Bahalul Haque

Traditionally, weather predictions are performed with the help of large complex models of physics, which utilize different atmospheric conditions over a long period of time. These conditions are often unstable because of perturbations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 A H M Jakaria , Md Mosharaf Hossain , Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman

Accurate forecasts of distributed solar generation are necessary to reduce negative impacts resulting from the increased uptake of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, the high variability of solar generation over short…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Maneesha Perera , Julian De Hoog , Kasun Bandara , Saman Halgamuge
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