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While standard statistical inference techniques and machine learning generalization bounds assume that tests are run on data selected independently of the hypotheses, practical data analysis and machine learning are usually iterative and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-09 Lorenzo De Stefani , Eli Upfal

Invariant and equivariant networks have been successfully used for learning images, sets, point clouds, and graphs. A basic challenge in developing such networks is finding the maximal collection of invariant and equivariant linear layers.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Haggai Maron , Heli Ben-Hamu , Nadav Shamir , Yaron Lipman

Despite the widespread empirical success of ResNet, the generalization properties of deep ResNet are rarely explored beyond the lazy training regime. In this work, we investigate \emph{scaled} ResNet in the limit of infinitely deep and wide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Yihang Chen , Fanghui Liu , Yiping Lu , Grigorios G. Chrysos , Volkan Cevher

We derive a tight generalization bound for quantum machine learning that is applicable to a wide range of supervised tasks, data, and models. Our bound is both efficiently computable and free of big-O notation. Furthermore, we point out…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Xin Wang , Rebing Wu

This paper proves that robustness implies generalization via data-dependent generalization bounds. As a result, robustness and generalization are shown to be connected closely in a data-dependent manner. Our bounds improve previous bounds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Kenji Kawaguchi , Zhun Deng , Kyle Luh , Jiaoyang Huang

Group imbalance has been a known problem in empirical risk minimization (ERM), where the achieved high average accuracy is accompanied by low accuracy in a minority group. Despite algorithmic efforts to improve the minority group accuracy,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-20 Hongkang Li , Shuai Zhang , Yihua Zhang , Meng Wang , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen

Equivariance is a nice property to have as it produces much more parameter efficient neural architectures and preserves the structure of the input through the feature mapping. Even though some combinations of transformations might never…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-11 David W. Romero , Mark Hoogendoorn

At the heart of machine learning lies the question of generalizability of learned rules over previously unseen data. While over-parameterized models based on neural networks are now ubiquitous in machine learning applications, our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Melikasadat Emami , Mojtaba Sahraee-Ardakan , Parthe Pandit , Sundeep Rangan , Alyson K. Fletcher

In this work, we explore the trade-offs of explicit structural priors, particularly group equivariance. We address this through theoretical analysis and a comprehensive empirical study. To enable controlled and fair comparisons, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sharvaree Vadgama , Mohammad Mohaiminul Islam , Domas Buracas , Christian Shewmake , Artem Moskalev , Erik Bekkers

We consider information-theoretic bounds on expected generalization error for statistical learning problems in a networked setting. In this setting, there are $K$ nodes, each with its own independent dataset, and the models from each node…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-17 L. P. Barnes , Alex Dytso , H. V. Poor

We present a study of generalization for data-dependent hypothesis sets. We give a general learning guarantee for data-dependent hypothesis sets based on a notion of transductive Rademacher complexity. Our main result is a generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Dylan J. Foster , Spencer Greenberg , Satyen Kale , Haipeng Luo , Mehryar Mohri , Karthik Sridharan

In many real-world applications of regression, conditional probability estimation, and uncertainty quantification, exploiting symmetries rooted in physics or geometry can dramatically improve generalization and sample efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Daniel Ordoñez-Apraez , Vladimir Kostić , Alek Fröhlich , Vivien Brandt , Karim Lounici , Massimiliano Pontil

Incorporating inductive biases into ML models is an active area of ML research, especially when ML models are applied to data about the physical world. Equivariant Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have recently become a popular method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Savannah Thais , Daniel Murnane

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been shown to be able to fit a random labeling over data while still being able to generalize well for normal labels. Describing CNN capacity through a posteriori measures of complexity has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Konstantinos Pitas , Andreas Loukas , Mike Davies , Pierre Vandergheynst

Equivariances provide useful inductive biases in neural network modeling, with the translation equivariance of convolutional neural networks being a canonical example. Equivariances can be embedded in architectures through weight-sharing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Tycho F. A. van der Ouderaa , David W. Romero , Mark van der Wilk

Treating neural network inputs and outputs as random variables, we characterize the structure of neural networks that can be used to model data that are invariant or equivariant under the action of a compact group. Much recent research has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-18 Benjamin Bloem-Reddy , Yee Whye Teh

Practitioners in diverse fields such as healthcare, economics and education are eager to apply machine learning to improve decision making. The cost and impracticality of performing experiments and a recent monumental increase in electronic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Fredrik D. Johansson , Uri Shalit , Nathan Kallus , David Sontag

Model-based neural networks provide unparalleled performance for various tasks, such as sparse coding and compressed sensing problems. Due to the strong connection with the sensing model, these networks are interpretable and inherit prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Avner Shultzman , Eyar Azar , Miguel R. D. Rodrigues , Yonina C. Eldar

Statistical learning theory provides bounds of the generalization gap, using in particular the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension and the Rademacher complexity. An alternative approach, mainly studied in the statistical physics literature, is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-09-04 Alia Abbara , Benjamin Aubin , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

The translation equivariance of convolutional layers enables convolutional neural networks to generalize well on image problems. While translation equivariance provides a powerful inductive bias for images, we often additionally desire…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-25 Marc Finzi , Samuel Stanton , Pavel Izmailov , Andrew Gordon Wilson