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The cognitive and reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) have enabled remarkable progress in natural language processing. However, their performance in interpreting structured data, especially in tabular formats, remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Rana Alshaikh , Israa Alghanmi , Shelan Jeawak

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown exceptional capabilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP) across diverse domains. However, their application in specialized tasks such as Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) for low-resource languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Mohamed Bayan Kmainasi , Ali Ezzat Shahroor , Amani Al-Ghraibah

This paper addresses the critical need for democratizing large language models (LLM) in the Arab world, a region that has seen slower progress in developing models comparable to state-of-the-art offerings like GPT-4 or ChatGPT 3.5, due to a…

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in our daily lives, evaluating their quality and reliability across diverse contexts has become essential. While comprehensive benchmarks exist for assessing LLM performance in…

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as an effective approach to aligning large language models (LLMs) to human preferences. RLHF contains three steps, i.e., human preference collecting, reward learning, and policy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Hao Lang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to significant improvements in various natural language processing tasks. However, the evaluation of LLMs' legal knowledge, particularly in non-English languages such as…

Large language models (LLMs) have received a lot of attention in natural language processing (NLP) research because of their exceptional performance in understanding and generating human languages. However, low-resource languages are left…

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, GPT-4, Claude-3, and Llama are being integrated across a variety of industries. Despite this rapid proliferation, experts are calling for caution in the interpretation and adoption of LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Ryosuke Sonoda , Ramya Srinivasan

Recently, extensive research on the hallucination of the large language models (LLMs) has mainly focused on the English language. Despite the growing number of multilingual and Arabic-specific LLMs, evaluating LLMs' hallucination in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Aisha Alansari , Hamzah Luqman

Persian poetry plays an active role in Iranian cultural practice, where verses by canonical poets such as Hafez are frequently quoted, paraphrased, or completed from partial cues. Supporting such interactions requires language models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Ghazal Kalhor , Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh

Large language models (LLMs) often reflect Western-centric biases, limiting their effectiveness in diverse cultural contexts. Although some work has explored cultural alignment, the potential for cross-cultural transfer, using alignment in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Saeed Almheiri , Rania Hossam , Mena Attia , Chenxi Wang , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin , Fajri Koto

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial for enhancing their utility in terms of helpfulness, truthfulness, safety, harmlessness, and interestingness. Existing methods for achieving this alignment often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Wenhao Liu , Xiaohua Wang , Muling Wu , Tianlong Li , Changze Lv , Zixuan Ling , Jianhao Zhu , Cenyuan Zhang , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are the cornerstones of modern artificial intelligence systems. This paper introduces Juhaina, a Arabic-English bilingual LLM specifically designed to align with the values and preferences of Arabic speakers.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Zhaozhi Qian , Faroq Altam , Muhammad Alqurishi , Riad Souissi

Language models (LMs) trained on vast quantities of text data can acquire sophisticated skills such as generating summaries, answering questions or generating code. However, they also manifest behaviors that violate human preferences, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Tomasz Korbak

Language models (LMs) have introduced a major paradigm shift in Natural Language Processing (NLP) modeling where large pre-trained LMs became integral to most of the NLP tasks. The LMs are intelligent enough to find useful and relevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Abbas Raza Ali , Muhammad Ajmal Siddiqui , Rema Algunaibet , Hasan Raza Ali

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit cultural bias from overrepresented viewpoints in training data, yet cultural alignment remains a challenge due to limited cultural knowledge and a lack of exploration into effective learning approaches.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Chunhua Liu , Kabir Manandhar Shrestha , Sukai Huang

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities across various tasks, they exhibit significant performance discrepancies across languages. While prompting LLMs in English typically yields the highest general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andrew Ivan Soegeng , Patrick Sutanto , Tan Sang Nguyen

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in a wide range of natural language applications. However, they often struggle to recognize low-resource languages, in particular African languages, which are not well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Happy Buzaaba , Alexander Wettig , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Christiane Fellbaum

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have proven effective in a wide range of tasks requiring complex reasoning and linguistic comprehension. However, due to a lack of high-quality multimodal resources in languages other than English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Fakhraddin Alwajih , El Moatez Billah Nagoudi , Gagan Bhatia , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed

With the rapid development of evaluation datasets to assess LLMs understanding across a wide range of subjects and domains, identifying a suitable language understanding benchmark has become increasingly challenging. In this work, we…