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Despite their outstanding capabilities, large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucination and producing factually incorrect information. This challenge has spurred efforts in attributed text generation, which prompts LLMs to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Junyi Li , Hwee Tou Ng

Recent advances in diffusion language models (DLMs) have presented a promising alternative to traditional autoregressive large language models (LLMs). However, DLMs still lag behind LLMs in reasoning performance, especially as the number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chenglong Wang , Yang Gan , Hang Zhou , Chi Hu , Yongyu Mu , Kai Song , Murun Yang , Bei Li , Chunliang Zhang , Tongran Liu , Jingbo Zhu , Zhengtao Yu , Tong Xiao

We introduce an approach aimed at enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through an iterative preference learning process inspired by the successful strategy employed by AlphaZero. Our work leverages Monte…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yuxi Xie , Anirudh Goyal , Wenyue Zheng , Min-Yen Kan , Timothy P. Lillicrap , Kenji Kawaguchi , Michael Shieh

Automatically generating human-readable text describing the functionality of a program is the intent of source code summarization. Although neural language models achieve significant performance in this field, they are limited by their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Tong Ye , Lingfei Wu , Tengfei Ma , Xuhong Zhang , Yangkai Du , Peiyu Liu , Shouling Ji , Wenhai Wang

Beam search is the go-to method for decoding auto-regressive machine translation models. While it yields consistent improvements in terms of BLEU, it is only concerned with finding outputs with high model likelihood, and is thus agnostic to…

Collecting ground-truth rewards or human demonstrations for multi-step reasoning tasks is often prohibitively expensive, particularly in interactive domains such as web tasks. We introduce Self-Taught Lookahead (STL), a reward-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Ethan Mendes , Alan Ritter

Self-Rewarding Language Models propose an architecture in which the Large Language Models(LLMs) both generates responses and evaluates its own outputs via LLM-as-a-Judge prompting, dynamically improving its generative capabilities through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yidong Wang , Xin Wang , Cunxiang Wang , Junfeng Fang , Qiufeng Wang , Jianing Chu , Xuran Meng , Shuxun Yang , Libo Qin , Yue Zhang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

We introduce LLaVA-Reward, an efficient reward model designed to automatically evaluate text-to-image (T2I) generations across multiple perspectives, leveraging pretrained multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Existing MLLM-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Shijie Zhou , Ruiyi Zhang , Huaisheng Zhu , Branislav Kveton , Yufan Zhou , Jiuxiang Gu , Jian Chen , Changyou Chen

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), particularly with algorithms like Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), has proven highly effective in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models. However, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Shangyu Xing , Siyuan Wang , Chenyuan Yang , Xinyu Dai , Xiang Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great potential in the biomedical domain with the advancement of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). However, existing retrieval-augmented approaches face challenges in addressing diverse queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Minda Hu , Licheng Zong , Hongru Wang , Jingyan Zhou , Jingjing Li , Yichen Gao , Kam-Fai Wong , Yu Li , Irwin King

Recent advances in reasoning with large language models (LLMs) have shown the effectiveness of Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) for generating high quality intermediate trajectories, particularly in math and symbolic domains. Inspired by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Bingning Huang , Tu Nguyen , Matthieu Zimmer

With the aim of improving performance in Markov Decision Problem in an Off-Policy setting, we suggest taking inspiration from what is done in Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL). In Offline RL, it is a common practice during policy learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jérôme Arjonilla , Abdallah Saffidine , Tristan Cazenave

There is often a trade-off between performance and latency in streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR). Traditional methods such as look-ahead and chunk-based methods, usually require information from future frames to advance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-07 Zehan Li , Haoran Miao , Keqi Deng , Gaofeng Cheng , Sanli Tian , Ta Li , Yonghong Yan

Designing efficient reward functions for low-level control tasks is a challenging problem. Recent research aims to reduce reliance on expert experience by using Large Language Models (LLMs) with task information to generate dense reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ning Gao , Xiuhui Zhang , Xingyu Jiang , Mukang You , Mohan Zhang , Yue Deng

Recent methodologies in LLM self-training mostly rely on LLM generating responses and filtering those with correct output answers as training data. This approach often yields a low-quality fine-tuning training set (e.g., incorrect plans or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Dan Zhang , Sining Zhoubian , Ziniu Hu , Yisong Yue , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited extraordinary performance in a variety of tasks while it remains challenging for them to solve complex multi-step tasks as agents. In practice, agents sensitive to the outcome of certain key steps…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Zilong Wang , Jingfeng Yang , Sreyashi Nag , Samarth Varshney , Xianfeng Tang , Haoming Jiang , Jingbo Shang , Sheikh Muhammad Sarwar

Reinforcement learning (RL) with tree search has demonstrated superior performance in traditional reasoning tasks. Compared to conventional independent chain sampling strategies with outcome supervision, tree search enables better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Zhenyu Hou , Ziniu Hu , Yujiang Li , Rui Lu , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

We study whether self-learning can scale LLM-based agents without relying on human-curated datasets or predefined rule-based rewards. Through controlled experiments in a search-agent setting, we identify two key determinants of scalable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wangtao Sun , Xiang Cheng , Jialin Fan , Yao Xu , Xing Yu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Streaming Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across various video understanding tasks, but they face significant challenges in real-time deployment due to the high computational cost of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yiyu Wang , Xuyang Liu , Xiyan Gui , Xinying Lin , Boxue Yang , Chenfei Liao , Tailai Chen , Linfeng Zhang

The escalating scale of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates efficient adaptation techniques. Model merging has gained prominence for its efficiency and controllability. However, existing merging techniques typically serve as post-hoc…

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