Related papers: Gallai-Schur Triples and Related Problems

In an $[n] \times [n]$ integer grid, a monochromatic $L$ is any set of points $\{(i, j), (i, j+t), (i+t, j+t)\}$ for some positive integer $t$, where $1 \leq i, j, i+t, j+t \leq n$. In this paper, we investigate the upper bound for the…

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$ and a positive integer $k$, the $k$-color Gallai-Ramsey number, denoted by $gr_{k}(G : H)$, is the minimum integer $N$ such that for all $n \geq N$, every $k$-coloring of the edges of $K_{n}$ contains either a…

Van der Waerden's classical theorem on arithmetic progressions states that for any positive integers k and r, there exists a least positive integer, w(k,r), such that any r-coloring of {1,2,...,w(k,r)} must contain a monochromatic k-term…

For positive integers $n,r,s$ with $r > s$, the set-coloring Ramsey number $R(n;r,s)$ is the minimum $N$ such that if every edge of the complete graph $K_N$ receives a set of $s$ colors from a palette of $r$ colors, then there is guaranteed…

The Rado number of an equation is a Ramsey-theoretic quantity associated to the equation. Let $\mathcal{E}$ be a linear equation. Denote by $\operatorname{R}_r(\mathcal{E})$ the minimal integer, if it exists, such that any $r$-coloring of…

Let $G, H$ be two non-empty graphs and $k$ be a positive integer. The Gallai-Ramsey number $\operatorname{gr}_k(G:H)$ is defined as the minimum positive integer $N$ such that for all $n\geq N$, every $k$-edge-coloring of $K_n$ contains…

We show that, for every $r, k$, there is an $n = n(r,k)$ so that any $r$-coloring of the edges of the complete graph on $[n]$ will yield a monochromatic complete subgraph on vertices ${a + \sum_{i \in I} d_i \mid I \subseteq [k]}$ for some…

A celebrated but non-effective theorem of Tibor Gallai states that for any finite set $A$ of $\Z^n$ and for any finite number of colors $c$ there is a minimal $m$ such that no coloring of the finite $m^n$-grid can avoid that a homothetic…

Let k, r, s in the natural numbers where r \geq s \geq 2. Define f(s,r,k) to be the smallest positive integer n such that for every coloring of the integers in [1,n] there exist subsets S_1 and S_2 such that: (a) S_1 and S_2 are…

The following question was asked by Prendiville: given an $r$-colouring of the interval $\{2, \dotsc, N\}$, what is the minimum number of monochromatic solutions of the equation $xy = z$? For $r=2$, we show that there are always…

An old question in Ramsey theory asks whether any finite coloring of the natural numbers admits a monochromatic pair $\{x+y,xy\}$. We answer this question affirmatively in a strong sense by exhibiting a large new class of non-linear…

Given two non-empty graphs $G,H$ and a positive integer $k$, the Gallai-Ramsey number $\operatorname{gr}_k(G:H)$ is defined as the minimum integer $N$ such that for all $n\geq N$, every $k$-edge-coloring of $K_n$ contains either a rainbow…

In 2001, Robertson and Schaal found the 2-color off-diagonal generalized Schur numbers: for two positive integers $k$ and $l$, they determined the smallest positive integer $S = S(k, l)$ such that for any coloring of the integers from 1 to…

A Gallai $k$-coloring is a $k$-edge coloring of a complete graph in which there are no rainbow triangles. For given graphs $G_1, G_2, G_3$ and nonnegative integers $r, s, t$ with that $k=r+s+t$, the $k$-colored Gallai-Ramsey number…

Let $\mathcal{E}$, $\mathcal{E}_1$, and $\mathcal{E}_2$ be equations, $n$ and $k$ be positive integers. The rainbow number $\operatorname{rb}([n],\mathcal{E})$ is difined as the minimum number of colors such that for every exact…

The grid Ramsey number $ G(r) $ is the smallest number $ n $ such that every edge-colouring of the grid graph $\Gamma_{n,n} := K_n \times K_n$ with $r$ colours induces a rectangle whose parallel edges receive the same colour. We show $ G(r)…

This article resolves two related problems in Ramsey theory on the integers. We show that for any finite coloring of the set of natural numbers, there exist numbers $a$ and $b$ for which the configuration $\{a, b, ab, a(b+1)\}$ is…

Let $r$ be a positive integer and $G$ be a graph. The list $r$-hued chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $\chi_{L,r}(G)$, is the smallest integer $k$, such that for each $k$-list $L$ of $G$, $G$ has an $(L,r)$-coloring. It is proved in…

A set $A$ of integers is said to be Schur if any two-colouring of $A$ results in monochromatic $x,y$ and $z$ with $x+y=z$. We study the following problem: how many random integers from $[n]$ need to be added to some $A\subseteq [n]$ to…

The set-colouring Ramsey number $R_{r,s}(k)$ is defined to be the minimum $n$ such that if each edge of the complete graph $K_n$ is assigned a set of $s$ colours from $\{1,\ldots,r\}$, then one of the colours contains a monochromatic clique…