Related papers: Einleitung [Introduction]
Reductionism has dominated science and philosophy for centuries. Complexity has recently shown that interactions---which reductionism neglects---are relevant for understanding phenomena. When interactions are considered, reductionism…
This paper undertakes a re-examination of Sir William Hamilton's doctrine of the quantification of the predicate. Hamilton's doctrine comprises two theses. First, the predicates of traditional syllogistic sentence-forms contain implicit…
It is proposed that the ability of humans to flourish in diverse environments and evolve complex cultures reflects the following two underlying cognitive transitions. The transition from the coarse-grained associative memory of Homo habilis…
An established body of literature shows that a student's affect can be linked to her epistemological stance [1]. In this literature, the epistemology is generally taken as a belief or stance toward a discipline, and the affective stance…
Philosophers frequently struggle with the relation of metaphysics to the everyday world, with its practical value, and with its relation to empirical science. This paper distinguishes several different models of the relation between…
Bibliometrics offers a particular representation of science. Through bibliometric methods a bibliometrician will always highlight particular elements of publications, and through these elements operationalize particular representations of…
Increasingly, studies are exploring using Large Language Models (LLMs) for accelerated or scaled qualitative analysis of text data. While we can compare LLM accuracy against human labels directly for deductive coding, or labeling text, it…
The rapidly increasing interest in the quantum properties of living matter stimulates a discussion of the fundamental properties of life as well as quantum mechanics. In this discussion often concepts are used that originate in philosophy…
This paper presents a detailed case study of how artificial intelligence, especially large language models, can be integrated into historical research workflows. The workflow is divided into nine steps, covering the full research cycle from…
Philosophy has nurtured fundamental science by asking the right questions. This scientific growth has fuelled research in various domains and introduced diverse disciplines. Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary domain with numerous…
Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming astronomical research, yet the scientific community has largely treated this transformation as an engineering challenge rather than an epistemological one. This perspective article argues that…
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the evolution and impact of Artificial Intelligence technologies in today society. Beginning with a historical context while exploring a few general definitions of AI, the author provides a…
Logic is one of the most male-dominated areas within the already hugely male-dominated subject of philosophy. Popular hypotheses for this disparity include a preponderance of confident, mathematically-minded male students in the classroom,…
A hallmark of human intelligence is Introspection-the ability to assess and reason about one's own cognitive processes. Introspection has emerged as a promising but contested capability in large language models (LLMs). However, current…
The development of new statistical and computational methods is increasingly making it possible to bridge the gap between hard sciences and humanities. In this study, we propose an approach based on a quantitative evaluation of attributes…
This article serves as a supplement to the recently published call for participation in a Research Topic [1] that is timed to commemorate the 75th anniversary of Shannon's pioneering 1948 paper [2]. Here, we include some citations of key…
This is a short (and personal) introduction in German to the connections between artificial intelligence, philosophy, and logic, and to the author's work. Dies ist eine kurze (und persoenliche) Einfuehrung in die Zusammenhaenge zwischen…
The quest for historically impactful science and technology provides invaluable insight into the innovation dynamics of human society, yet many studies are limited to qualitative and small-scale approaches. Here, we investigate scientific…
This paper examines the intellectual legacy of Philip E. Agre by situating his work at the intersection of artificial intelligence, philosophy, and critical theory. It reconstructs Agre's proposal of a critical technical practice, according…
The testimony and practice of notable mathematicians indicate that there is an important phenomenological and epistemological difference between superficial and deep analogies in mathematics. In this paper, we offer a descriptive theory of…