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We describe a duality method to prove both existence and uniqueness of solutions to nonlocal problems like $$ (-\Delta)^s v = \mu \quad \text{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N, $$ with vanishing conditions at infinity. Here $\mu$ is a bounded Radon measure…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-11 Kenneth H. Karlsen , Francesco Petitta , Suleyman Ulusoy

We prove the following conjecture recently formulated by Jakobson, Nadirashvili and Polterovich \cite{JNP}: For any Riemannian metric $g$ on the Klein bottle $\mathbb{K}$ one has $$\lambda\_1 (\mathbb{K}, g) A (\mathbb{K}, g)\le 12 \pi…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ahmad El Soufi , Hector Giacomini , Mustapha Jazar

This paper on the whole concerns with the duality of Mayer problem for k-th order differential inclusions, where k is an arbitrary natural number. Thus, this work for constructing the dual problems to differential inclusions of any order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-20 Elimhan N. Mahmudov

It follows, from a generalised version of Paley-Wiener theorem, that the Laplace transform is an isometry between certain spaces of weighted $L^2$ functions defined on $(0, \infty)$ and (Hilbert) spaces of analytic functions on the right…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-04-21 Andrzej S. Kucik

We lay out the foundations of the theory of second-order conformal superintegrable systems. Such systems are essentially Laplace equations on a manifold with an added potential: $(\Delta_n+V({\bf x}))\Psi=0$. Distinct families of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-09-01 E. G. Kalnins , J. M. Kress , W. Miller , S. Post

We introduce the linear operators of fractional integration and fractional differentiation in the framework of the Riemann-Liouville fractional calculus. Particular attention is devoted to the technique of Laplace transforms for treating…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-05-27 Rudolf Gorenflo , Francesco Mainardi

We introduce the concept of Hamiltonian potential variables to map Hamiltonian operators into symplectic operators in a dual space. This generalises the classical trick of switching to a potential variable to obtain a Lagrangian density for…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-04-22 Pierandrea Vergallo , Mats Vermeeren

Based on the complete-lattice approach, a new Lagrangian duality theory for set-valued optimization problems is presented. In contrast to previous approaches, set-valued versions for the known scalar formulas involving infimum and supremum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Andreas H. Hamel , Andreas Löhne

We consider an optimization problem with positively homogeneous functions in its objective and constraint functions. Examples of such positively homogeneous functions include the absolute value function and the $p$-norm function, where $p$…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-22 Shota Yamanaka , Nobuo Yamashita

We present a simple and effective method for evaluating double-and single-layer potentials for Laplace's equation in three dimensions close to the boundary. The close evaluation of these layer potentials is challenging because they are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-26 S. Khatri , A. D. Kim , Ricado Cortez , Camille Carvalho

We first prove that the Legendre transform is the only continuous and $\mathrm{SL}(n)$ contravariant valuation that behaves as a conjugation of two important translations on super-coercive, lower semi-continuous, and convex functions. Then…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Jin Li

We show that the Laplace approximation of a supremum by Lp-norms has interesting consequences in optimization. For instance, the logarithmic barrier functions (LBF) of a primal convex problem P and its dual appear naturally when using this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-07-28 Jean B. Lasserre , Eduardo S. Zeron

The paper introduces several new concepts for solving nonconvex or nonsmooth optimization problems, including convertible nonconvex function, exact convertible nonconvex function and differentiable convertible nonconvex function. It is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-13 Min Jiang , Rui Shen , Zhiqing Meng , Chuangyin Dang

The inversion of nabla Laplace transform, corresponding to a causal sequence, is considered. Two classical methods, i.e., residual calculation method and partial fraction method are developed to perform the inverse nabla Laplace transform.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-12-07 Yiheng Wei , YangQuan Chen , Yuquan Chen , Yong Wang

The Laplace-Beltrami problem $\Delta_\Gamma \psi = f$ has several applications in mathematical physics, differential geometry, machine learning, and topology. In this work, we present novel second-kind integral equations for its solution…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-01-23 Michael O'Neil

A classical tool for approximating integrals is the Laplace method. The first-order, as well as the higher-order Laplace formula is most often written in coordinates without any geometrical interpretation. In this article, motivated by a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-12-27 Flavien Léger , François-Xavier Vialard

Hidden convexity is a powerful idea in optimization: under the right transformations, nonconvex problems that are seemingly intractable can be solved efficiently using convex optimization. We introduce the notion of a Lagrangian dual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Venkat Chandrasekaran , Timothy Duff , Jose Israel Rodriguez , Kevin Shu

In this note we analyze normalized symplectic capacities for two different notions of duality in Lagrangian products. Let $\Phi$ be a $n$-tuple of Young functions with Legendre transform $n$-tuple $\Phi^*$ and $K_{\Phi}$ the unit ball for…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Alejandro Vicente

Through duality it is possible to transform left fractional operators into right fractional operators and vice versa. In contrast to existing literature, we establish integration by parts formulas that exclusively involve either left or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-02 Delfim F. M. Torres

We study conjugate and Lagrange dualities for composite optimization problems within the framework of abstract convexity. We provide conditions for zero duality gap in conjugate duality. For Lagrange duality, intersection property is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-07 The Hung Tran , Ewa Bednarczuk