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Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing and demonstrated impressive capabilities in various tasks. Unfortunately, they are prone to hallucinations, where the model exposes incorrect or false information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Patrik Puchert , Poonam Poonam , Christian van Onzenoodt , Timo Ropinski

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are an extension of Large Language Models (LLMs) that facilitate processing both image and text inputs, expanding AI capabilities. However, LVLMs struggle with object hallucinations due to their reliance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Avshalom Manevich , Reut Tsarfaty

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown to be capable of various tasks, yet their capability in interpreting and reasoning over tabular data remains an underexplored area. In this context, this study investigates from three core…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Tianyang Liu , Fei Wang , Muhao Chen

The recent advancements in Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated progress toward true intelligence requiring robust reasoning capabilities. Beyond pattern recognition, linguistic reasoning must integrate with visual comprehension,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yunfei Bai , Amit Dhanda , Shekhar Jain

This paper studies how multimodal large language models (MLLMs) undermine the security guarantees of visual CAPTCHA. We identify the attack surface where an adversary can cheaply automate CAPTCHA solving using off-the-shelf models. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Junyu Wang , Changjia Zhu , Yuanbo Zhou , Lingyao Li , Xu He , Mingkui Wei , Junjie Xiong

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often suffer from perceptual impairments under extended reasoning modes, particularly in visual question answering (VQA) tasks. We identify attention dispersion as the underlying cause: during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ruiying Peng , Xueyu Wu , Jing Lei , Lu Hou , Yuanzheng Ma , Xiaohui Li

The rapid development of Multi-modality Large Language Models (MLLMs) has significantly influenced various aspects of industry and daily life, showcasing impressive capabilities in visual perception and understanding. However, these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yinan Sun , Zicheng Zhang , Haoning Wu , Xiaohong Liu , Weisi Lin , Guangtao Zhai , Xiongkuo Min

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense capabilities in understanding textual data and are increasingly being adopted to help researchers accelerate scientific discovery through knowledge extraction (information retrieval),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Robinson Umeike , Neil Getty , Fangfang Xia , Rick Stevens

Understanding the mechanisms behind Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for designing improved models and strategies. While recent studies have yielded valuable insights into the mechanisms of textual LLMs, the mechanisms of Multi-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Zeping Yu , Sophia Ananiadou

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) perform strongly on natural images, yet their ability to understand discrete visual symbols remains unclear. We present a multi-domain benchmark spanning language, culture, mathematics, physics and…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown success in vision-language tasks, but their ability to reason over complex educational materials remains largely untested. This work presents the first evaluation of state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Hessa A. Alawwad , Anas Zafar , Areej Alhothali , Usman Naseem , Ali Alkhathlan , Amani Jamal

Multi-Modal Language Models (MLLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by combining visual and text data, making applications like image captioning, visual question answering, and multi-modal content creation possible. This ability to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Pete Janowczyk , Linda Laurier , Ave Giulietta , Arlo Octavia , Meade Cleti

The advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has greatly accelerated the development of applications in understanding integrated texts and images. Recent works leverage image-caption datasets to train MLLMs, achieving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Mingxu Tao , Quzhe Huang , Kun Xu , Liwei Chen , Yansong Feng , Dongyan Zhao

The advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has driven significant progress in Visual Question Answering (VQA), evolving from Single to Multi Image VQA (MVQA). However, the increased number of images in MVQA inevitably…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kang Zeng , Guojin Zhong , Jintao Cheng , Jin Yuan , Zhiyong Li

The deployment of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has demonstrated remarkable success in engaging in conversations involving visual inputs, thanks to the superior power of large language models (LLMs). Those MLLMs are typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jiahui Gao , Renjie Pi , Tianyang Han , Han Wu , Lanqing Hong , Lingpeng Kong , Xin Jiang , Zhenguo Li

As AI systems become increasingly integrated into human lives, endowing them with robust social intelligence has emerged as a critical frontier. A key aspect of this intelligence is discerning truth from deception, a ubiquitous element of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Caixin Kang , Yifei Huang , Liangyang Ouyang , Mingfang Zhang , Yoichi Sato

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful linguistic engines but remain susceptible to hallucinations: plausible-sounding outputs that are factually incorrect or unsupported. In this work, we present a mathematically grounded framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Moses Kiprono

There is increasing evidence that question-answering (QA) systems with Large Language Models (LLMs), which employ a knowledge graph/semantic representation of an enterprise SQL database (i.e. Text-to-SPARQL), achieve higher accuracy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Dean Allemang , Juan Sequeda

Evaluating and Rethinking the current landscape of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), we observe that widely-used visual-language projection approaches (e.g., Q-former or MLP) focus on the alignment of image-text descriptions yet ignore the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yunxin Li , Xinyu Chen , Baotian Hu , Haoyuan Shi , Min Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) deliver detailed responses on vision-language tasks, yet remain susceptible to object hallucination (introducing objects not present in the image), undermining reliability in practice. Prior efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Shiwei Tan , Hengyi Wang , Weiyi Qin , Qi Xu , Zhigang Hua , Hao Wang