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Concept-based interpretability methods aim to explain deep neural network model predictions using a predefined set of semantic concepts. These methods evaluate a trained model on a new, "probe" dataset and correlate model predictions with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Vikram V. Ramaswamy , Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Ruth Fong , Olga Russakovsky

Current class-incremental learning research mainly focuses on single-label classification tasks while multi-label class-incremental learning (MLCIL) with more practical application scenarios is rarely studied. Although there have been many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Songlin Dong , Haoyu Luo , Yuhang He , Xing Wei , Yihong Gong

Significant advancements have been made in single label incremental learning (SLCIL),yet the more practical and challenging multi label class incremental learning (MLCIL) remains understudied. Recently,visual language models such as CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Haifeng Zhao , Yuguang Jin , Leilei Ma

To increase the trustworthiness of deep neural networks, it is critical to improve the understanding of how they make decisions. This paper introduces a novel unsupervised concept-based model for image classification, named Learnable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Francesco De Santis , Philippe Bich , Gabriele Ciravegna , Pietro Barbiero , Danilo Giordano , Tania Cerquitelli

Incremental learning attempts to develop a classifier which learns continuously from a stream of data segregated into different classes. Deep learning approaches suffer from catastrophic forgetting when learning classes incrementally, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Ali Ayub , Alan Wagner

Many recent language models (LMs) are capable of in-context learning (ICL), manifested in the LMs' ability to perform a new task solely from natural-language instruction. Previous work curating in-context learners assumes that ICL emerges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Michal Štefánik , Marek Kadlčík , Petr Sojka

In-context Learning enables training-free adaptation via demonstrations but remains highly sensitive to example selection and formatting. In unified multimodal models spanning understanding and generation, this sensitivity is exacerbated by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yicheng Xu , Jiangning Zhang , Zhucun Xue , Teng Hu , Ran Yi , Xiaobin Hu , Yong Liu , Dacheng Tao

Deploying AI-powered systems requires trustworthy models supporting effective human interactions, going beyond raw prediction accuracy. Concept bottleneck models promote trustworthiness by conditioning classification tasks on an…

Models based on human-understandable concepts have received extensive attention to improve model interpretability for trustworthy artificial intelligence in the field of medical image analysis. These methods can provide convincing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Hongmei Wang , Junlin Hou , Hao Chen

In many scenarios, human decisions are explained based on some high-level concepts. In this work, we take a step in the interpretability of neural networks by examining their internal representation or neuron's activations against concepts.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Mohammad Nokhbeh Zaeem , Majid Komeili

Continual learning aims at incrementally acquiring new knowledge while not forgetting existing knowledge. To overcome catastrophic forgetting, methods are either rehearsal-based, i.e., store data examples from previous tasks for data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Mingyang Wang , Heike Adel , Lukas Lange , Jannik Strötgen , Hinrich Schütze

Concept-based Models aim to improve interpretability by predicting high-level intermediate concepts, representing a promising approach for deployment in high-risk scenarios. However, they are known to suffer from information leakage,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Enrico Parisini , Tapabrata Chakraborti , Chris Harbron , Ben D. MacArthur , Christopher R. S. Banerji

Existing class incremental learning is mainly designed for single-label classification task, which is ill-equipped for multi-label scenarios due to the inherent contradiction of learning objectives for samples with incomplete labels. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Aoting Zhang , Dongbao Yang , Chang Liu , Xiaopeng Hong , Yu Zhou

The design of interpretable deep learning models working in relational domains poses an open challenge: interpretable deep learning methods, such as Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs), are not designed to solve relational problems, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Pietro Barbiero , Francesco Giannini , Gabriele Ciravegna , Michelangelo Diligenti , Giuseppe Marra

Concept-based approaches, which aim to identify human-understandable concepts within a model's internal representations, are a promising method for interpreting embeddings from deep neural network models, such as CLIP. While these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jitian Zhao , Chenghui Li , Frederic Sala , Karl Rohe

We propose a novel approach for class incremental online learning in a limited data setting. This problem setting is challenging because of the following constraints: (1) Classes are given incrementally, which necessitates a class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Mohammed Asad Karim , Vinay Kumar Verma , Pravendra Singh , Vinay Namboodiri , Piyush Rai

In-Context Learning (ICL) is a significant paradigm for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), using a few in-context demonstrations (ICDs) for new task adaptation. However, its performance is sensitive to demonstration configurations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Xiaoyu Li , Yuhang Liu , Xuanshuo Kang , Zheng Luo , Fangqi Lou , Xiaohua Wu , Zihan Xiong

In the contemporary era of intelligent connectivity, Affective Computing (AC), which enables systems to recognize, interpret, and respond to human behavior states, has become an integrated part of many AI systems. As one of the most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Xinyu Li , Marwa Mahmoud

Commonsense knowledge relations are crucial for advanced NLU tasks. We examine the learnability of such relations as represented in CONCEPTNET, taking into account their specific properties, which can make relation classification difficult:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Maria Becker , Michael Staniek , Vivi Nastase , Anette Frank

Continual unlearning poses the challenge of enabling large vision-language models to selectively refuse specific image-instruction pairs in response to sequential deletion requests, while preserving general utility. However, sequential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hyundong Jin , Dongyoon Han , Eunwoo Kim