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Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on general-purpose tasks, yet adapting them to specific domains remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality domain data. Existing data synthesis tools often struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ziyang Miao , Qiyu Sun , Jingyuan Wang , Yuchen Gong , Yaowei Zheng , Shiqi Li , Richong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) integrated with autonomous agents hold significant potential for advancing scientific discovery through automated reasoning and task execution. However, applying LLM agents to drug discovery is still constrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kun Li , Zhennan Wu , Shoupeng Wang , Jia Wu , Shirui Pan , Wenbin Hu

Mathematical problem-solving is a key field in artificial intelligence (AI) and a critical benchmark for evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs). While extensive research has focused on mathematical problem-solving, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ziye Chen , Hao Qi

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs), particularly those enhanced through reinforced post-training, have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, as exemplified by models such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1. However, these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Miho Koda , Yu Zheng , Ruixian Ma , Mingyang Sun , Devesh Pansare , Fabio Duarte , Paolo Santi

Large Language Models (LLMs) with agentic web search capabilities show strong potential for tasks requiring real-time information access and complex fact retrieval, yet evaluating such systems remains challenging. We introduce \bench, a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yunfan Zhang , Kathleen McKeown , Smaranda Muresan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are extensively used today across various sectors, including academia, research, business, and finance, for tasks such as text generation, summarization, and translation. Despite their widespread adoption, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Yash Saxena , Sarthak Chopra , Arunendra Mani Tripathi

We present a novel benchmark designed to rigorously evaluate the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in mathematical reasoning and algorithmic code synthesis tasks. The benchmark comprises integer sequence generation tasks sourced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Daniel O'Malley , Manish Bhattarai , Nishath Rajiv Ranasinghe , Erick Draayer , Javier Santos

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) demands robust, unbiased, and scalable evaluation methods. However, human annotations are costly to scale, model-based evaluations are susceptible to stylistic biases, and…

Web agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for next-generation AI, but their limited reasoning in uncertain, dynamic web environments hinders robust deployment. In this paper, we identify key reasoning skills essential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Minda Hu , Tianqing Fang , Jianshu Zhang , Junyu Ma , Zhisong Zhang , Jingyan Zhou , Hongming Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu , Irwin King

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in reasoning, exemplified by the success of OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1. However, integrating reasoning with external search processes remains challenging, especially for complex…

How far are Large Language Models (LLMs) in performing deep relational reasoning? In this paper, we evaluate and compare the reasoning capabilities of three cutting-edge LLMs, namely, DeepSeek-R1, DeepSeek-V3 and GPT-4o, through a suite of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Chi Chiu So , Yueyue Sun , Jun-Min Wang , Siu Pang Yung , Anthony Wai Keung Loh , Chun Pong Chau

Large Language Models (LLMs) play powerful, black-box readers in the retrieve-then-read pipeline, making remarkable progress in knowledge-intensive tasks. This work introduces a new framework, Rewrite-Retrieve-Read instead of the previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Xinbei Ma , Yeyun Gong , Pengcheng He , Hai Zhao , Nan Duan

Large Language Models tend to struggle when dealing with specialized domains. While all aspects of evaluation hold importance, factuality is the most critical one. Similarly, reliable fact-checking tools and data sources are essential for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Anum Afzal , Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across tasks in language understanding and interactive decision making, their abilities for reasoning (e.g. chain-of-thought prompting) and acting (e.g. action…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Shunyu Yao , Jeffrey Zhao , Dian Yu , Nan Du , Izhak Shafran , Karthik Narasimhan , Yuan Cao

LLMs' sources of knowledge are data snapshots containing factual information about entities collected at different timestamps and from different media types (e.g. wikis, social media, etc.). Such unstructured knowledge is subject to change…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Seyed Mahed Mousavi , Simone Alghisi , Giuseppe Riccardi

The rapid proliferation of misinformation across online platforms underscores the urgent need for robust, up-to-date, explainable, and multilingual fact-checking resources. However, existing datasets are limited in scope, often lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Z. Melce Hüsünbeyi , Virginie Mouilleron , Leonie Uhling , Daniel Foppe , Tatjana Scheffler , Djamé Seddah

The temporal aspect is a significant dimension of our reality. We notice the challenge that large language models (LLMs) face when engaging in temporal reasoning. Our preliminary experiments show that methods involving the generation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xingxuan Li , Liying Cheng , Qingyu Tan , Hwee Tou Ng , Shafiq Joty , Lidong Bing

The Retrieval-Augmented Language Model (RALM) has shown remarkable performance on knowledge-intensive tasks by incorporating external knowledge during inference, which mitigates the factual hallucinations inherited in large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Yuan Xia , Jingbo Zhou , Zhenhui Shi , Jun Chen , Haifeng Huang

Determining which legal cases are relevant to a given query involves navigating lengthy texts and applying nuanced legal reasoning. Traditionally, this task has demanded significant time and domain expertise to identify key Legal Facts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Shengjie Ma , Qi Chu , Jiaxin Mao , Xuhui Jiang , Haozhe Duan , Chong Chen