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Real-world crash reports, which combine textual summaries and sketches, are valuable for scenario-based testing of autonomous driving systems (ADS). However, current methods cannot effectively translate this multimodal data into precise,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Fida Khandaker Safa , Yupeng Jiang , Xi Zheng

Being able to anticipate the motion of surrounding agents is essential for the safe operation of autonomous driving systems in dynamic situations. While various methods have been proposed for trajectory prediction, the current evaluation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Longchao Da , David Isele , Hua Wei , Manish Saroya

Detection of the drivable area in all conditions is crucial for autonomous driving and advanced driver assistance systems. However, the amount of labeled data in adverse driving conditions is limited, especially in winter, and supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Eerik Alamikkotervo , Risto Ojala , Alvari Seppänen , Kari Tammi

Temporal understanding in autonomous driving (AD) remains a significant challenge, even for recent state-of-the-art (SoTA) Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Prior work has introduced datasets and benchmarks aimed at improving temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Kevin Cannons , Saeed Ranjbar Alvar , Mohammad Asiful Hossain , Ahmad Rezaei , Mohsen Gholami , Alireza Heidarikhazaei , Zhou Weimin , Yong Zhang , Mohammad Akbari

Many players in the automotive field support scenario-based assessment of automated vehicles (AVs), where individual traffic situations can be tested and, thus, facilitate concluding on the performance of AVs in different situations. Since…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Detian Guo , Manuel Muñoz Sánchez , Erwin de Gelder , Tom P. J. van der Sande

Recent incidents with autonomous vehicles highlight the need for rigorous testing to ensure safety and robustness. Constructing test scenarios for autonomous driving systems (ADSs), however, is labor-intensive. We propose TARGET, an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yao Deng , Jiaohong Yao , Zhi Tu , Xi Zheng , Mengshi Zhang , Tianyi Zhang

Approval of ADS depends on evaluating its behavior within representative real-world traffic scenarios. A common way to obtain such scenarios is to extract them from real-world data recordings. These can then be grouped and serve as basis on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Niklas Roßberg , Sinan Hasirlioglu , Mohamed Essayed Bouzouraa , Wolfgang Utschick , Michael Botsch

Accurate vehicle trajectory prediction is essential for ensuring safety and efficiency in fully autonomous driving systems. While existing methods primarily focus on modeling observed motion patterns and interactions with other vehicles,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Xinyi Ning , Zilin Bian , Dachuan Zuo , Semiha Ergan

Ensuring the safety of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) requires realistic and reproducible test scenarios, yet extracting such scenarios from multimodal crash reports remains a major challenge. Large Language Models (LLMs) often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Siwei Luo , Yang Zhang , Yao Deng , Linfeng Liang , Xi Zheng

Autonomous driving systems are typically verified based on scenarios. To represent the positions and movements of cars in these scenarios, diagrams that utilize icons are typically employed. However, the interpretation of such diagrams is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Toshiaki Aoki , Takashi Tomita , Tatsuji Kawai , Daisuke Kawakami , Nobuo Chida

Large vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly used in autonomous-vehicle (AV) stacks, but hallucination limits their reliability in safety-critical pipelines. We present Shapley-credited Context-Aware Dawid-Skene with Agreement, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yuxiang Feng , Keyang Zhang , Hassane Ouchouid , Ashwil Kaniamparambil , Ioannis Souflas , Panagiotis Angeloudis

The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) provides new insights to validate Automated Driving Systems (ADS). In the herein-introduced work, a novel approach to extracting scenarios from naturalistic driving datasets is presented. A…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yongqi Zhao , Wenbo Xiao , Tomislav Mihalj , Jia Hu , Arno Eichberger

Open-Vocabulary Temporal Action Detection (OV-TAD) aims to classify and localize action segments in untrimmed videos for unseen categories. Previous methods rely solely on global alignment between label-level semantics and visual features,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Sa Zhu , Wanqian Zhang , Lin Wang , Xiaohua Chen , Chenxu Cui , Jinchao Zhang , Bo Li

Scenario-based approaches for the validation of highly automated driving functions are based on the search for safety-critical characteristics of driving scenarios using software-in-the-loop simulations. This search requires information…

Automated Driving Systems (ADSs) have the potential to make mobility services available and safe for all. A multi-pillar Safety Assessment Framework (SAF) has been proposed for the type-approval process of ADSs. The SAF requires that the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Erwin de Gelder , Maren Buermann , Olaf Op den Camp

Prompt learning has proven effective in adapting vision language models for downstream tasks. However, existing methods usually append learnable prompt tokens solely with the category names to obtain textual features, which fails to fully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Tong Ding , Wanhua Li , Zhongqi Miao , Hanspeter Pfister

Scene understanding is essential for enhancing driver safety, generating human-centric explanations for Automated Vehicle (AV) decisions, and leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) for retrospective driving video analysis. This study…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Mohammed Elhenawy , Huthaifa I. Ashqar , Andry Rakotonirainy , Taqwa I. Alhadidi , Ahmed Jaber , Mohammad Abu Tami

Predicting future trajectories for other road agents is an essential task for autonomous vehicles. Established trajectory prediction methods primarily use agent tracks generated by a detection and tracking system and HD map as inputs. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Seokha Moon , Hyun Woo , Hongbeen Park , Haeji Jung , Reza Mahjourian , Hyung-gun Chi , Hyerin Lim , Sangpil Kim , Jinkyu Kim

Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) are envisioned to transform the future industrial and private transportation sectors. However, due to the system's enormous complexity, functional verification and validation of safety aspects are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Lars Klitzke , Kay Gimm , Carsten Koch , Frank Köster

End-to-end autonomous driving has great potential in the transportation industry. However, the lack of transparency and interpretability of the automatic decision-making process hinders its industrial adoption in practice. There have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Bu Jin , Xinyu Liu , Yupeng Zheng , Pengfei Li , Hao Zhao , Tong Zhang , Yuhang Zheng , Guyue Zhou , Jingjing Liu
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