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Mechanism design is a well-established game-theoretic paradigm for designing games to achieve desired outcomes. This paper addresses a closely related but distinct concept, equilibrium design. Unlike mechanism design, the designer's…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Muhammad Najib , Giuseppe Perelli

Reward shaping has been applied widely to accelerate Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents' training. However, a principled way of designing effective reward shaping functions, especially for complex continuous control problems, remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mateo Juliani , Mingxuan Li , Elias Bareinboim

Reinforcement learning (RL) is one of the active fields in machine learning, demonstrating remarkable potential in tackling real-world challenges. Despite its promising prospects, this methodology has encountered with issues and challenges,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Alireza Rashidi Laleh , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi

Information gathering in a partially observable environment can be formulated as a reinforcement learning (RL), problem where the reward depends on the agent's uncertainty. For example, the reward can be the negative entropy of the agent's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Yash Satsangi , Sungsu Lim , Shimon Whiteson , Frans Oliehoek , Martha White

Reward design is a fundamental, yet challenging aspect of reinforcement learning (RL). Researchers typically utilize feedback signals from the environment to handcraft a reward function, but this process is not always effective due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Alexander Bukharin , Yixiao Li , Pengcheng He , Tuo Zhao

Autonomous-driving research has recently embraced deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a promising framework for data-driven decision making, yet a clear picture of how these algorithms are currently employed, benchmarked and evaluated is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Elahe Delavari , Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for fine-tuning large-scale generative models, such as diffusion and flow models, to align with complex human preferences and user-specified tasks. A fundamental limitation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jinmei Liu , Haoru Li , Zhenhong Sun , Chaofeng Chen , Yatao Bian , Bo Wang , Daoyi Dong , Chunlin Chen , Zhi Wang

When learning to behave in a stochastic environment where safety is critical, such as driving a vehicle in traffic, it is natural for human drivers to plan fallback strategies as a backup to use if ever there is an unexpected change in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Ugo Lecerf , Christelle Yemdji-Tchassi , Sébastien Aubert , Pietro Michiardi

Recent work has shown that deep reinforcement-learning agents can learn to follow language-like instructions from infrequent environment rewards. However, this places on environment designers the onus of designing language-conditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Dzmitry Bahdanau , Felix Hill , Jan Leike , Edward Hughes , Arian Hosseini , Pushmeet Kohli , Edward Grefenstette

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) connects large language models (LLMs) to external knowledge, but single-round retrieval is often insufficient for complex multi-hop questions. To enhance search capabilities for complex tasks, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kun Chen , Qingchao Kong , Zhao Feifei , Wenji Mao

Large reasoning models (LRMs) achieve impressive reasoning capabilities by generating lengthy chain-of-thoughts, but this "overthinking" incurs high latency and cost without commensurate accuracy gains. In this work, we introduce AALC, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Ruosen Li , Ziming Luo , Quan Zhang , Ruochen Li , Ben Zhou , Ali Payani , Xinya Du

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a goal-oriented learning solution that has proven to be successful for Neural Architecture Search (NAS) on the CIFAR and ImageNet datasets. However, a limitation of this approach is its high computational…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-04 J. Gomez Robles , J. Vanschoren

Over the recent years, Reinforcement Learning combined with Deep Learning techniques has successfully proven to solve complex problems in various domains, including robotics, self-driving cars, and finance. In this paper, we are introducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Petr Bobák , Ladislav Čmolík , Martin Čadík

Autonomous parking (AP) represents a critical yet complex subset of intelligent vehicle automation, characterized by tight spatial constraints, frequent close-range obstacle interactions, and stringent safety margins. However, conventional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Ahmad Suleman , Misha Urooj Khan , Zeeshan Kaleem , Ali H. Alenezi , Iqra Shabbir , Sinem Coleri , Chau Yuen

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising strategy for improving the reasoning capabilities of language models (LMs) in domains such as mathematics and coding. However, most modern RL algorithms were designed to target robotics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Lianghuan Huang , Shuo Li , Sagnik Anupam , Insup Lee , Osbert Bastani

We investigate reinforcement learning (RL) for privileged planning in autonomous driving. State-of-the-art approaches for this task are rule-based, but these methods do not scale to the long tail. RL, on the other hand, is scalable and does…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Bernhard Jaeger , Daniel Dauner , Jens Beißwenger , Simon Gerstenecker , Kashyap Chitta , Andreas Geiger

The endeavor of artificial intelligence (AI) is to design autonomous agents capable of achieving complex tasks. Namely, reinforcement learning (RL) proposes a theoretical background to learn optimal behaviors. In practice, RL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Firas Jarboui , Ahmed Akakzia

Multi-agent reinforcement learning involves multiple agents interacting with each other and a shared environment to complete tasks. When rewards provided by the environment are sparse, agents may not receive immediate feedback on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Baicen Xiao , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Radha Poovendran

Biological brains are inherently limited in their capacity to process and store information, but are nevertheless capable of solving complex tasks with apparent ease. Intelligent behavior is related to these limitations, since resource…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-16 Nisheet Patel , Luigi Acerbi , Alexandre Pouget

As the operations of autonomous systems generally affect simultaneously several users, it is crucial that their designs account for fairness considerations. In contrast to standard (deep) reinforcement learning (RL), we investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Umer Siddique , Paul Weng , Matthieu Zimmer