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As a digraphic language, the Persian language utilizes two written standards: Perso-Arabic in Afghanistan and Iran, and Tajik-Cyrillic in Tajikistan. Despite the significant similarity between the dialects of each country, script…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rayyan Merchant , Kevin Tang

This paper presents the first comprehensive comparative analysis of modern machine learning architectures for transliteration between Tajik (Cyrillic script) and Persian (Arabic script). A key contribution is the creation and validation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mullosharaf K. Arabov

This study addresses automatic transliteration from Tajik (Cyrillic script) to Persian (Perso-Arabic script). We present a curated, lexicographically verified parallel corpus of 52,152 Tajik--Persian words and short phrases, compiled from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mullosharaf K. Arabov

Farsi, also known as Persian, is the official language of Iran and Tajikistan and one of the two main languages spoken in Afghanistan. Farsi enjoys a unified Arabic script as its writing system. In this paper we briefly introduce the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-04-21 Behrang QasemiZadeh , Saeed Rahimi , Mehdi Safaee Ghalati

Tokenization plays a significant role in the process of lexical analysis. Tokens become the input for other natural language processing tasks, like semantic parsing and language modeling. Natural Language Processing in Persian is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Danial Kamali , Behrooz Janfada , Mohammad Ebrahim Shenasa , Behrouz Minaei-Bidgoli

An automated approach to text readability assessment is essential to a language and can be a powerful tool for improving the understandability of texts written and published in that language. However, the Persian language, which is spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Hamid Mohammadi , Seyed Hossein Khasteh

Over recent years a lot of research papers and studies have been published on the development of effective approaches that benefit from a large amount of user-generated content and build intelligent predictive models on top of them. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Mohammad Kasra Habib

Grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) conversion for Persian presents unique challenges due to its complex phonological features, particularly homographs and Ezafe, which exist in formal and informal language contexts. This paper introduces an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Abbas Bertina , Shahab Beirami , Hossein Biniazian , Elham Esmaeilnia , Soheil Shahi , Mahdi Pirnia

Machine transliteration, as defined in this paper, is a process of automatically transforming written script of words from a source alphabet into words of another target alphabet within the same language, while preserving their meaning, as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Ulugbek Salaev , Elmurod Kuriyozov , Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez

We report upon the results of a research and prototype building project \emph{Worldly~OCR} dedicated to developing new, more accurate image-to-text conversion software for several languages and writing systems. These include the cursive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Marek Rychlik , Dwight Nwaigwe , Yan Han , Dylan Murphy

Nowadays, many researchers are focusing their attention on the subject of machine translation (MT). However, Persian machine translation has remained unexplored despite a vast amount of research being conducted in languages with high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Amir Sartipi , Meghdad Dehghan , Afsaneh Fatemi

The Iranian Persian language has two varieties: standard and colloquial. Most natural language processing tools for Persian assume that the text is in standard form: this assumption is wrong in many real applications especially web content.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Mohammad Sadegh Rasooli , Farzane Bakhtyari , Fatemeh Shafiei , Mahsa Ravanbakhsh , Chris Callison-Burch

In this paper, we investigate the application of end-to-end and multi-module frameworks for G2P conversion for the Persian language. The results demonstrate that our proposed multi-module G2P system outperforms our end-to-end systems in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Mahdi Rezaei , Negar Nayeri , Saeed Farzi , Hossein Sameti

The rapid growth in data on the internet requires a data mining process to reach a decision to support insight. The Persian language has strong potential for deep research in any aspect of natural language processing, especially sentimental…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Mohammad Heydari

This research introduces a state-of-the-art Persian spelling correction system that seamlessly integrates deep learning techniques with phonetic analysis, significantly enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of natural language processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Dashti , Amid Khatibi Bardsiri , Mehdi Jafari Shahbazzadeh

This paper presents the first benchmark for the task of automatic part-of-speech (POS) tagging for the Tajik language. Despite the existence of multilingual language models demonstrating high effectiveness for many of the world's languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Mullosharaf K. Arabov

Ezafe is a grammatical particle in some Iranian languages that links two words together. Regardless of the important information it conveys, it is almost always not indicated in Persian script, resulting in mistakes in reading complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Ehsan Doostmohammadi , Minoo Nassajian , Adel Rahimi

This work introduces TajPersLexon, a curated Tajik--Persian parallel lexical resource of 40,112 word and short-phrase pairs for cross-script lexical retrieval, transliteration, and alignment in low-resource settings. We conduct a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Mullosharaf K. Arabov

Sign language is an essential means of communication for millions of people around the world and serves as their primary language. However, most communication tools are developed for spoken and written languages which can cause problems and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ali Ghadami , Alireza Taheri , Ali Meghdari

One fundamental task for NLP is to determine the similarity between two texts and evaluate the extent of their likeness. The previous methods for the Persian language have low accuracy and are unable to comprehend the structure and meaning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Seyed Mojtaba Sadjadi , Zeinab Rajabi , Leila Rabiei , Mohammad-Shahram Moin
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