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Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has become a cornerstone in vision-language representation learning, powering diverse downstream tasks and serving as the default vision backbone in multimodal large language models (MLLMs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chuan Qin , Constantin Venhoff , Sonia Joseph , Fanyi Xiao , Stefan Scherer

CLIP has demonstrated great versatility in adapting to various downstream tasks, such as image editing and generation, visual question answering, and video understanding. However, CLIP-based applications often suffer from misunderstandings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zeliang Zhang , Zhuo Liu , Mingqian Feng , Chenliang Xu

In rapidly evolving field of vision-language models (VLMs), contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) has made significant strides, becoming foundation for various downstream tasks. However, relying on one-to-one (image, text)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Haicheng Wang , Chen Ju , Weixiong Lin , Shuai Xiao , Mengting Chen , Yixuan Huang , Chang Liu , Mingshuai Yao , Jinsong Lan , Ying Chen , Qingwen Liu , Yanfeng Wang

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been a celebrated method for training vision encoders to generate image/text representations facilitating various applications. Recently, CLIP has been widely adopted as the vision backbone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hong-You Chen , Zhengfeng Lai , Haotian Zhang , Xinze Wang , Marcin Eichner , Keen You , Meng Cao , Bowen Zhang , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

As a pioneering vision-language model, CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) has achieved significant success across various domains and a wide range of downstream vision-language tasks. However, the text encoders in popular CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Mothilal Asokan , Kebin Wu , Fatima Albreiki

This work explores how color is encoded in CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) which is currently the most influential VML (Visual Language model) in Artificial Intelligence. After performing different experiments on synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Guillem Arias , Ramon Baldrich , Maria Vanrell

Large vision-language contrastive models (VLCMs), such as CLIP, have become foundational, demonstrating remarkable success across a variety of downstream tasks. Despite their advantages, these models, akin to other foundational systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Haocheng Dai , Sarang Joshi

Contrastive vision-language models like CLIP are used for a large variety of applications, such as zero-shot classification or as vision encoder for multi-modal models. Despite their popularity, their representations show major limitations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Bijay Gurung , David T. Hoffmann , Thomas Brox

CLIP has shown a remarkable zero-shot capability on a wide range of vision tasks. Previously, CLIP is only regarded as a powerful visual encoder. However, after being pre-trained by language supervision from a large amount of image-caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Haoyu Song , Li Dong , Wei-Nan Zhang , Ting Liu , Furu Wei

While recent work has found that vision-language models trained under the Contrastive Language Image Pre-training (CLIP) framework contain intrinsic social biases, the extent to which different upstream pre-training features of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Kshitish Ghate , Isaac Slaughter , Kyra Wilson , Mona Diab , Aylin Caliskan

The success of large-scale contrastive vision-language pretraining (CLIP) has benefited both visual recognition and multimodal content understanding. The concise design brings CLIP the advantage in inference efficiency against other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Shijie Geng , Jianbo Yuan , Yu Tian , Yuxiao Chen , Yongfeng Zhang

Large multi-modal models (LMMs) hold the potential to usher in a new era of automated visual assistance for people who are blind or low vision (BLV). Yet, these models have not been systematically evaluated on data captured by BLV users. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Daniela Massiceti , Camilla Longden , Agnieszka Słowik , Samuel Wills , Martin Grayson , Cecily Morrison

Contrastive cross-modal models such as CLIP and CLAP aid various vision-language (VL) and audio-language (AL) tasks. However, there has been limited investigation of and improvement in their language encoder, which is the central component…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mengjie Zhao , Junya Ono , Zhi Zhong , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Naoki Murata , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Takashi Shibuya , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

Contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) using image-text pairs has achieved impressive results on image classification in both zero-shot and transfer learning settings. However, we show that directly applying such models to recognize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Yiwu Zhong , Jianwei Yang , Pengchuan Zhang , Chunyuan Li , Noel Codella , Liunian Harold Li , Luowei Zhou , Xiyang Dai , Lu Yuan , Yin Li , Jianfeng Gao

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), a simple yet effective pre-training paradigm, successfully introduces text supervision to vision models. It has shown promising results across various tasks due to its generalizability and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Zihao Zhao , Yuxiao Liu , Han Wu , Mei Wang , Yonghao Li , Sheng Wang , Lin Teng , Disheng Liu , Zhiming Cui , Qian Wang , Dinggang Shen

Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) is a powerful vision-language model that has shown great benefits for various tasks. However, we have identified some issues with its explainability, which undermine its credibility and limit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yi Li , Hualiang Wang , Yiqun Duan , Jiheng Zhang , Xiaomeng Li

Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) models have demonstrated considerable success across various vision-language tasks, such as text-to-image retrieval, where the model is required to effectively process natural language input to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Hyunjae Kim , Seunghyun Yoon , Trung Bui , Handong Zhao , Quan Tran , Franck Dernoncourt , Jaewoo Kang

Dense visual prediction tasks have been constrained by their reliance on predefined categories, limiting their applicability in real-world scenarios where visual concepts are unbounded. While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Junjie Wang , Bin Chen , Yulin Li , Bin Kang , Yichi Chen , Zhuotao Tian

Contrastive image-text models such as CLIP form the building blocks of many state-of-the-art systems. While they excel at recognizing common generic concepts, they still struggle on fine-grained entities which are rare, or even absent from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Ahmet Iscen , Mathilde Caron , Alireza Fathi , Cordelia Schmid

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) is a very recent multi-modal model that jointly learns representations of images and texts. The model is trained on a massive amount of English data and shows impressive performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Federico Bianchi , Giuseppe Attanasio , Raphael Pisoni , Silvia Terragni , Gabriele Sarti , Sri Lakshmi