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Industrial Control Systems (ICS) have played a catalytic role in enabling the 4th Industrial Revolution. ICS devices like Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), automate, monitor, and control critical processes in industrial, energy, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Constantine Doumanidis , Prashant Hari Narayan Rajput , Michail Maniatakos

We introduce the MultiLang Code Parser Dataset (MLCPD), a large-scale, language-agnostic dataset unifying syntactic and structural representations of code across ten major programming languages. MLCPD contains over seven million parsed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jugal Gajjar , Kamalasankari Subramaniakuppusamy

Large Language Models (LLMs) face critical challenges when analyzing security vulnerabilities in real world codebases: token limits prevent loading entire repositories, code embeddings fail to capture inter procedural data flows, and LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Ahmed Lekssays

Compiler optimization level recognition can be applied to vulnerability discovery and binary analysis. Due to the exists of many different compilation optimization options, the difference in the contents of the binary file is very…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Shouguo Yang , Zhiqiang Shi , Guodong Zhang , Mingxuan Li , Yuan Ma , Limin Sun

While third-party libraries are extensively reused to enhance productivity during software development, they can also introduce potential security risks such as vulnerability propagation. Software composition analysis, proposed to identify…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Ling Jiang , Junwen An , Huihui Huang , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu , Yuqun Zhang

In industrial control systems, devices such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are commonly used to directly interact with sensors and actuators, and perform local automatic control. PLCs run software on two different layers: a)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Naman Govil , Anand Agrawal , Nils Ole Tippenhauer

The identification of vulnerabilities is an important element in the software development life cycle to ensure the security of software. While vulnerability identification based on the source code is a well studied field, the identification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Andreas Schaad , Dominik Binder

The increasing interaction of industrial control systems (ICSs) with public networks and digital devices introduces new cyber threats to power systems and other critical infrastructure. Recent cyber-physical attacks such as Stuxnet and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Nils Müller , Charalampos Ziras , Kai Heussen

Data contamination presents a critical barrier preventing widespread industrial adoption of advanced software engineering techniques that leverage code language models (CLMs). This phenomenon occurs when evaluation data inadvertently…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jialun Cao , Songqiang Chen , Wuqi Zhang , Hau Ching Lo , Shing-Chi Cheung

Code completion has become a central task, gaining significant attention with the rise of large language model (LLM)-based tools in software engineering. Although recent advances have greatly improved LLMs' code completion abilities,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Jiajun Zhang , Zeyu Cui , Lei Zhang , Jian Yang , Jiaxi Yang , Qiang Liu , Zilei Wang , Binyuan Hui , Liang Wang , Junyang Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

Combinational equivalence checking (CEC) remains a challenge EDA task in the formal verification of datapath circuits due to their complex arithmetic structures and the limited capability or scalability of SAT, BDD, and exact-simulation…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xindi Zhang , Furong Ye , Zhihan Chen , Shaowei Cai

Industry 5.0's increasing integration of IT and OT systems is transforming industrial operations but also expanding the cyber-physical attack surface. Industrial Control Systems (ICS) face escalating security challenges as traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Padmeswari Nandiya , Ahmad Mohsin , Ahmed Ibrahim , Iqbal H. Sarker , Helge Janicke

Automated International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding assigns standardized diagnosis and procedure codes to clinical records, playing a critical role in healthcare systems. However, existing methods face challenges such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mucheng Ren , He Chen , Yuchen Yan , Danqing Hu , Jun Xu , Xian Zeng

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) play a critical role in the industrial control systems. Vulnerabilities in PLC programs might lead to attacks causing devastating consequences to the critical infrastructure, as shown in Stuxnet and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Ruimin Sun , Alejandro Mera , Long Lu , David Choffnes

Binary code analysis allows analyzing binary code without having access to the corresponding source code. A binary, after disassembly, is expressed in an assembly language. This inspires us to approach binary analysis by leveraging ideas…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Fei Zuo , Xiaopeng Li , Patrick Young , Lannan Luo , Qiang Zeng , Zhexin Zhang

Given a closed-source program, such as most of proprietary software and viruses, binary code analysis is indispensable for many tasks, such as code plagiarism detection and malware analysis. Today, source code is very often compiled for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Kimberly Redmond , Lannan Luo , Qiang Zeng

Software supply chain attacks have revealed blind spots in existing SCA tools, which are often limited to a single ecosystem and assess either software artifacts or community activity in isolation. This fragmentation across tools and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ziheng Liu , Runzhi He , Minghui Zhou

Understanding ligand properties is essential for computational high-throughput screening of transition metal complexes. However, ligand properties such as net charge and other information such as their application area are often absent or…

Recent advances in LLM-based decompilers have been shown effective to convert low-level binaries into human-readable source code. However, there still lacks a comprehensive benchmark that provides large-scale binary-source function pairs,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Hanzhuo Tan , Xiaolong Tian , Hanrui Qi , Jiaming Liu , Zuchen Gao , Siyi Wang , Qi Luo , Jing Li , Yuqun Zhang