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We describe a class of tasks called decision-oriented dialogues, in which AI assistants such as large language models (LMs) must collaborate with one or more humans via natural language to help them make complex decisions. We formalize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jessy Lin , Nicholas Tomlin , Jacob Andreas , Jason Eisner

The emergence of large language models has enabled sophisticated multi-agent systems, yet coordinating their reasoning capabilities through prompt engineering remains challenging. We present a theoretically-grounded framework for dynamic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hassen Dhrif

Large language model (LLM) agents typically rely on reactive decision-making paradigms such as ReAct, selecting actions conditioned on growing execution histories. While effective for short tasks, these approaches often lead to redundant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yihan , Wen , Xin Chen

Proactive task-oriented dialogue (TOD), such as outbound sales, demands a persuasive agent that actively probes the user's concerns and steers the conversation toward acceptance within a bounded number of turns. Yet post-trained LLMs are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hongbin Zhang , Ning Gao , Yuqin Dai , Ruiyuan Wu , Jinpeng Wang , Rena Wei Gao , Bingdong Tan , Shuzheng Gao , Zongjie Li , Chaozheng Wang

Proactive agents must decide not only what to say but also whether and when to intervene. Many current systems rely on brittle heuristics or indiscriminate long reasoning, which offers little control over the benefit-burden tradeoff. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuxuan Fu , Xiaoyu Tan , Teqi Hao , Chen Zhan , Xihe Qiu

Although humans engaged in face-to-face conversation simultaneously communicate both verbally and non-verbally, methods for joint and unified synthesis of speech audio and co-speech 3D gesture motion from text are a new and emerging field.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Shivam Mehta , Anna Deichler , Jim O'Regan , Birger Moëll , Jonas Beskow , Gustav Eje Henter , Simon Alexanderson

Recent advances in large-scale language modeling and generation have enabled the creation of dialogue agents that exhibit human-like responses in a wide range of conversational scenarios spanning a diverse set of tasks, from general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Abraham Sanders , Tomek Strzalkowski , Mei Si , Albert Chang , Deepanshu Dey , Jonas Braasch , Dakuo Wang

Solving multiagent problems can be an uphill task due to uncertainty in the environment, partial observability, and scalability of the problem at hand. Especially in an urban setting, there are more challenges since we also need to maintain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Jiajing Ling , Kushagra Chandak , Akshat Kumar

We introduce a dynamic benchmarking system for conversational agents that evaluates their performance through a single, simulated, and lengthy user$\leftrightarrow$agent interaction. The interaction is a conversation between the user and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 David Castillo-Bolado , Joseph Davidson , Finlay Gray , Marek Rosa

The rapid spread of media content synthesis technology and the potentially damaging impact of audio and video deepfakes on people's lives have raised the need to implement systems able to detect these forgeries automatically. In this work…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Luigi Attorresi , Davide Salvi , Clara Borrelli , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

Agents powered by large language models have shown remarkable abilities in solving complex tasks. However, most agent systems remain reactive, limiting their effectiveness in scenarios requiring foresight and autonomous decision-making. In…

Large language model agents are increasingly envisioned as always-on personal assistants with access to anything relevant in the user's digital world. Yet current systems operate over only narrow slices of that world, limiting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yusong Lin , Xinyuan Liang , Haiyang Wang , Qipeng Gu , Siqi Cheng , Jiangui Chen , Shuzhe Wu , Feiyang Pan , Lue Fan , Sanyuan Zhao , Dandan Tu

We consider the problem of designing an artificial agent capable of interacting with humans in collaborative dialogue to produce creative, engaging narratives. In this task, the goal is to establish universe details, and to collaborate on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Kory W. Mathewson , Pablo Samuel Castro , Colin Cherry , George Foster , Marc G. Bellemare

User simulators serve as the critical interactive environment for agent post-training, and an ideal user simulator generalizes across domains and proactively engages in negotiation by challenging or bargaining. However, current methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Feng Zhang , Shijia Li , Chunmao Zhang , Zhanyu Ma , Jun Xu , Jiuchong Gao , Jinghua Hao , Renqing He , Jingwen Xu , Han Liu

When a model makes a consequential decision, e.g., denying someone a loan, it needs to additionally generate actionable, realistic feedback on what the person can do to favorably change the decision. We cast this problem through the lens of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Goutham Ramakrishnan , Yun Chan Lee , Aws Albarghouthi

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle to deliver accurate and actionable answers when user-provided information is incomplete or ill-specified. We propose a new interaction paradigm, First Ask Then Answer (FATA), in which, through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Chuanruo Fu , Yuncheng Du

Recent progress on large language models (LLMs) has enabled dialogue agents to generate highly naturalistic and plausible text. However, current LLM language generation focuses on responding accurately to questions and requests with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Joey Hong , Jessica Lin , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine

This paper proposes a group deliberation oriented multi-agent conversational model to address the limitations of single large language models in complex reasoning tasks. The model adopts a three-level role division architecture consisting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zheyu Shi , Dong Qiu , Shanlong Yu

Supervised fine-tuning with synthesized instructions has been a common practice for adapting LLMs to domain-specific QA tasks. However, the synthesized instructions deviate from real user questions and expected answers. This study proposes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yang Li , Mingxuan Luo , Yeyun Gong , Chen Lin , Jian Jiao , Yi Liu , Kaili Huang

Automatic optimization of spoken dialog management policies that are robust to environmental noise has long been the goal for both academia and industry. Approaches based on reinforcement learning have been proved to be effective. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Hang Ren , Weiqun Xu , Yonghong Yan
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