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We systematically investigate geometric patterns in Chinese character embeddings using PHATE manifold analysis. Through cross-validation across seven embedding models and eight dimensionality reduction methods, we observe clustering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Wen G. Gong

In this paper, we propose new methods to learn Chinese word representations. Chinese characters are composed of graphical components, which carry rich semantics. It is common for a Chinese learner to comprehend the meaning of a word from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Tzu-Ray Su , Hung-Yi Lee

Unlike English letters, Chinese characters have rich and specific meanings. Usually, the meaning of a word can be derived from its constituent characters in some way. Several previous works on syntactic parsing propose to annotate shallow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Chen Gong , Saihao Huang , Houquan Zhou , Zhenghua Li , Min Zhang , Zhefeng Wang , Baoxing Huai , Nicholas Jing Yuan

Chinese characters have a complex and hierarchical graphical structure carrying both semantic and phonetic information. We use this structure to enhance the text model and obtain better results in standard NLP operations. First of all, to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-05-22 Yannis Haralambous

Intent classification has been widely researched on English data with deep learning approaches that are based on neural networks and word embeddings. The challenge for Chinese intent classification stems from the fact that, unlike English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Ruixi Lin , Charles Costello , Charles Jankowski

Chinese is a logographic writing system, and the shape of Chinese characters contain rich syntactic and semantic information. In this paper, we propose a model to learn Chinese word embeddings via three-level composition: (1) a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Chi Sun , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

Chinese calligraphy is the writing of Chinese characters as an art form performed with brushes so Chinese characters are rich of shapes and details. Recent studies show that Chinese characters can be generated through image-to-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Shan-Jean Wu , Chih-Yuan Yang , Jane Yung-jen Hsu

Most of the Chinese pre-trained models adopt characters as basic units for downstream tasks. However, these models ignore the information carried by words and thus lead to the loss of some important semantics. In this paper, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Wenbiao Li , Rui Sun , Yunfang Wu

Revealing the syntactic structure of sentences in Chinese poses significant challenges for word-level parsers due to the absence of clear word boundaries. To facilitate a transition from word-level to character-level Chinese dependency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yang Hou , Zhenghua Li

Chinese characters have a huge set of character categories, more than 20,000 and the number is still increasing as more and more novel characters continue being created. However, the enormous characters can be decomposed into a compact set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Jianshu Zhang , Yixing Zhu , Jun Du , Lirong Dai

We present a novel algorithm for optimizing the order in which Chinese characters are learned, one that incorporates the benefits of learning them in order of usage frequency and in order of their hierarchal structural relationships. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-08 James C. Loach , Jinzhao Wang

Given the advantage and recent success of English character-level and subword-unit models in several NLP tasks, we consider the equivalent modeling problem for Chinese. Chinese script is logographic and many Chinese logograms are composed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Falcon Z. Dai , Zheng Cai

Distributed word representations are very useful for capturing semantic information and have been successfully applied in a variety of NLP tasks, especially on English. In this work, we innovatively develop two component-enhanced Chinese…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-28 Yanran Li , Wenjie Li , Fei Sun , Sujian Li

We present a method to leverage radical for learning Chinese character embedding. Radical is a semantic and phonetic component of Chinese character. It plays an important role as characters with the same radical usually have similar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-04-21 Yaming Sun , Lei Lin , Duyu Tang , Nan Yang , Zhenzhou Ji , Xiaolong Wang

Chinese characters can be compared to a molecular structure: a character is analogous to a molecule, radicals are like atoms, calligraphic strokes correspond to elementary particles, and when characters form compounds, they are like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2011-04-22 Yannis Haralambous

Until recently, Chinese texts could not be studied using co-word analysis because the words are not separated by spaces in Chinese (and Japanese). A word can be composed of one or more characters. The online availability of programs that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2009-11-10 Loet Leydesdorff , Ping Zhou

Recent deep learning based approaches have achieved great success on handwriting recognition. Chinese characters are among the most widely adopted writing systems in the world. Previous research has mainly focused on recognizing handwritten…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Xu-Yao Zhang , Fei Yin , Yan-Ming Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu , Yoshua Bengio

Based on network analysis of hierarchical structural relations among Chinese characters, we develop an efficient learning strategy of Chinese characters. We regard a more efficient learning method if one learns the same number of useful…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-08-28 Xiao-Yong Yan , Ying Fan , Zengru Di , Shlomo Havlin , Jinshan Wu

Existing research generally treats Chinese character as a minimum unit for representation. However, such Chinese character representation will suffer two bottlenecks: 1) Learning bottleneck, the learning cannot benefit from its rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Zhijun Wang , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang

Chinese parsing has traditionally been solved by three pipeline systems including word-segmentation, part-of-speech tagging and dependency parsing modules. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end Chinese parsing model based on character…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Yuan Zhang , Zhiyang Teng , Yue Zhang
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