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Large language models (LLMs) consistently achieve strong results on text-to-SQL benchmarks, but their robustness to schema variations remains poorly understood. Recent work suggests that the schema structure matters, but does not provide a…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Nitin Kanchinadam , Aditya Menachery , Amol Deshpande

Large language models are widely adopted as automated evaluation judges, yet the stability of their verdicts under semantically equivalent prompt rephrasings remains largely unexamined. We conduct a systematic empirical study of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Rohith Reddy Bellibatlu , Edward Raff , Wenbin Zhang

Recent large language models (LLMs) achieve near-saturation accuracy on many established mathematical reasoning benchmarks, raising concerns about their ability to diagnose genuine reasoning competence. This saturation largely stems from…

Most prior work in dialogue modeling has been on written conversations mostly because of existing data sets. However, written dialogues are not sufficient to fully capture the nature of spoken conversations as well as the potential speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Seokhwan Kim , Yang Liu , Di Jin , Alexandros Papangelis , Karthik Gopalakrishnan , Behnam Hedayatnia , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

Structured tabular data is a fundamental data type in numerous fields, and the capacity to reason over tables is crucial for answering questions and validating hypotheses. However, constructing labeled data for complex reasoning tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Zhenyu Li , Xiuxing Li , Sunqi Fan , Jianyong Wang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has proven effective in enhancing large language models (LLMs) on complex tasks, spurring research into its underlying mechanisms. However, two primary challenges remain for real-world applications: (1) the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Qiguang Chen , Libo Qin , Jinhao Liu , Yue Liao , Jiaqi Wang , Jingxuan Zhou , Wanxiang Che

Despite the remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4, producing complex, structured tabular data remains challenging. Our study assesses LLMs' proficiency in structuring tables and introduces a novel fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Xiangru Tang , Yiming Zong , Jason Phang , Yilun Zhao , Wangchunshu Zhou , Arman Cohan , Mark Gerstein

In recent times Large Language Models have exhibited tremendous capabilities, especially in the areas of mathematics, code generation and general-purpose reasoning. However for specialized domains especially in applications that require…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Sujit Khanna , Shishir Subedi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied for tabular tasks using in-context learning. The prompt representation for a table may play a role in the LLMs ability to process the table. Inspired by prior work, we generate a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Ananya Singha , José Cambronero , Sumit Gulwani , Vu Le , Chris Parnin

In this paper, we investigate code-integrated reasoning, where models generate code when necessary and integrate feedback by executing it through a code interpreter. To acquire this capability, models must learn when and how to use external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Fei Bai , Yingqian Min , Beichen Zhang , Zhipeng Chen , Wayne Xin Zhao , Lei Fang , Zheng Liu , Zhongyuan Wang , Ji-Rong Wen

The analysis of tabular datasets is highly prevalent both in scientific research and real-world applications of Machine Learning (ML). Unlike many other ML tasks, Deep Learning (DL) models often do not outperform traditional methods in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Assaf Shmuel , Oren Glickman , Teddy Lazebnik

Time series (TS) reasoning models (TSRMs) have shown promising capabilities in general domains, yet they consistently fail on financial domain, which exhibit unique characteristics. We propose a general 2x2 capability taxonomy for TSRMs by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Seunghan Lee , Jun Seo , Jaehoon Lee , Sungdong Yoo , Minjae Kim , Tae Yoon Lim , Dongwan Kang , Hwanil Choi , Soonyoung Lee , Wonbin Ahn

Results on existing LLM benchmarks capture little information over the model capabilities in low-resource tasks, making it difficult to develop effective solutions in these domains. To address these challenges, we curated 14 travel-domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Srinivas Billa , Xiaonan Jing

With the introduction of machine learning in high-stakes decision making, ensuring algorithmic fairness has become an increasingly important problem to solve. In response to this, many mathematical definitions of fairness have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Edward Small , Wei Shao , Zeliang Zhang , Peihan Liu , Jeffrey Chan , Kacper Sokol , Flora Salim

We propose a framework for robust evaluation of reasoning capabilities of language models, using functional variants of benchmarks. Models that solve a reasoning test should exhibit no difference in performance over the static version of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Saurabh Srivastava , Annarose M B , Anto P , Shashank Menon , Ajay Sukumar , Adwaith Samod T , Alan Philipose , Stevin Prince , Sooraj Thomas

Despite their empirical success, most existing listwiselearning-to-rank (LTR) models are not built to be robust to errors in labeling or annotation, distributional data shift, or adversarial data perturbations. To fill this gap, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Shahabeddin Sotudian , Ruidi Chen , Ioannis Paschalidis

Extending Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) to multimodal large language models (MLLMs) faces a fundamental challenge: their responses inherently interleave perception-related tokens, which ground visual content, with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jinda Lu , Junkang Wu , Jinghan Li , Kexin Huang , Shuo Yang , Guoyin Wang , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Extensive research has been conducted to explore the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) for table reasoning and has significantly improved the performance on existing benchmarks. However, tables and user questions in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Zheng Li , Yang Du , Mao Zheng , Mingyang Song

The development of Long-CoT reasoning has advanced LLM performance across various tasks, including language understanding, complex problem solving, and code generation. This paradigm enables models to generate intermediate reasoning steps,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yanbo Wang , Yongcan Yu , Jian Liang , Ran He

Tables are fundamental in domains such as finance, healthcare, and public administration, yet real-world table tasks often involve noise, structural heterogeneity, and semantic complexity--issues underexplored in existing research that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jiaming Tian , Liyao Li , Wentao Ye , Haobo Wang , Lingxin Wang , Lihua Yu , Zujie Ren , Gang Chen , Junbo Zhao
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