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Increasing demands for computing power also propel the need for energy-efficient SoC accelerator architectures. One class of such accelerators are so-called processor arrays, which typically integrate a two-dimensional mesh of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Dominik Walter , Marita Halm , Daniel Seidel , Indrayudh Ghosh , Christian Heidorn , Frank Hannig , Jürgen Teich

At the intersection between traditional CPU architectures and more specialized options such as FPGAs or ASICs lies the family of reconfigurable hardware architectures, termed Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs). CGRAs are composed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Maxime Henri Aspros , Juan Sapriza , Giovanni Ansaloni , David Atienza

Emerging low-powered architectures like Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) are becoming more common. Often included as co-processors, they are used to accelerate compute-intensive workloads like loops. The speedup obtained is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Cristian Tirelli , Laura Pozzi

Transformers have revolutionized deep learning with applications in natural language processing, computer vision, and beyond. However, their computational demands make it challenging to deploy them on low-power edge devices. This paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Rohit Prasad

The architecture of a coarse-grained reconfigurable array (CGRA) processing element (PE) has a significant effect on the performance and energy efficiency of an application running on the CGRA. This paper presents an automated approach for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Jackson Melchert , Kathleen Feng , Caleb Donovick , Ross Daly , Clark Barrett , Mark Horowitz , Pat Hanrahan , Priyanka Raina

While coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs) have emerged as promising programmable accelerator architectures, pipelining applications running on CGRAs is required to ensure high maximum clock frequencies. Current CGRA compilers…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Jackson Melchert , Yuchen Mei , Kalhan Koul , Qiaoyi Liu , Mark Horowitz , Priyanka Raina

Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRA) are promising edge accelerators due to the outstanding balance in flexibility, performance, and energy efficiency. Classic CGRAs statically map compute operations onto the processing elements (PE)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Dan Wu , Peng Chen , Thilini Kaushalya Bandara , Zhaoying Li , Tulika Mitra

Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) represent emerging low-power architectures designed to accelerate Compute-Intensive Loops (CILs). The effectiveness of CGRAs in providing acceleration relies on the quality of mapping: how…

Stencils represent a class of computational patterns where an output grid point depends on a fixed shape of neighboring points in an input grid. Stencil computations are prevalent in scientific applications engaging a significant portion of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Jesmin Jahan Tithi , Fabrizio Petrini , Hongbo Rong , Andrei Valentin , Carl Ebeling

Domain-specific accelerators are used in various computing systems ranging from edge devices to data centers. Coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs) represent an architectural midpoint between the flexibility of an FPGA and the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Taeyoung Kong , Kalhan Koul , Priyanka Raina , Mark Horowitz , Christopher Torng

Coarse-grained reconfigurable architectures (CGRAs) are programmable logic devices with large coarse-grained ALU-like logic blocks, and multi-bit datapath-style routing. CGRAs often have relatively restricted data routing networks, so they…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-05-02 Matthew J. P. Walker , Jason H. Anderson

Streaming coarse-grained reconfgurable array (CGRA) is a promising architecture for data/computing-intensive applications because of its fexibility, high throughput and efcient memory system. However,when accelerating sparse CNNs, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiaobing Ni , Mengke Ge , Jiaheng Ruan , Song Chen , Yi Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demand substantial computational resources, resulting in high energy consumption on GPUs. To address this challenge, we focus on Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) as an effective alternative that…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Takuto Ando , Yu Eto , Ayumu Takeuchi , Yasuhiko Nakashima

Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) are specialized accelerators commonly employed to boost performance in workloads with iterative structures. Existing research typically focuses on compiler or architecture optimizations aimed at…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Xiangfeng Liu , Zhe Jiang , Anzhen Zhu , Xiaomeng Han , Mingsong Lyu , Qingxu Deng , Nan Guan

Recently, efficiently deploying deep learning solutions on the edge has received increasing attention. New platforms are emerging to support the increasing demand for flexibility and high performance. In this work, we explore the efficient…

Coarse-Grain Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) provide flexibility and energy efficiency in accelerating compute-intensive loops. Existing compilation techniques often struggle with scalability, unable to map code onto large CGRAs. To address…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Cristian Tirelli , Rodrigo Otoni , Laura Pozzi

Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) enable ease of programmability and result in low development costs. They enable the ease of use specifically in reconfigurable computing applications. The smaller cost of compilation and reduced…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-05-05 Amit Kulkarni , Dirk Stroobandt , Andre Werner , Florian Fricke , Michael Huebner

Coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs) are domain-specific devices promising both the flexibility of FPGAs and the performance of ASICs. However, with restricted domains comes a danger: designing chips that cannot accelerate enough…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jackson Woodruff , Thomas Koehler , Alexander Brauckmann , Chris Cummins , Sam Ainsworth , Michael F. P. O'Boyle

Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs) present both high flexibility and efficiency, making them well-suited for the acceleration of intensive workloads. Nevertheless, a key barrier towards their widespread adoption is posed by CGRA…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuxuan Wang , Cristian Tirelli , Giovanni Ansaloni , Laura Pozzi , David Atienza

The ever-increasing complexity and operational diversity of modern Neural Networks (NNs) have caused the need for low-power and, at the same time, high-performance edge devices for AI applications. Coarse Grained Reconfigurable…

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