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In deep learning frameworks, weight pruning is a widely used technique for improving computational efficiency by reducing the size of large models. This is especially critical for convolutional operators, which often act as performance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Chi-Wei Chu , Ding-Yong Hong , Jan-Jan Wu

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

Shifted-and-Duplicated-Kernel (SDK) mapping has emerged as an effective strategy to accelerate convolutional layers on compute-in-memory (CIM) hardware. However, existing SDK variants (e.g., VWC-SDK) merely optimize mapping for a single CIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Ke Dong , Kejie Huang , Tao Luo , Bo Wang

Bit-level sparsity in neural network models harbors immense untapped potential. Eliminating redundant calculations of randomly distributed zero-bits significantly boosts computational efficiency. Yet, traditional digital SRAM-PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Cenlin Duan , Jianlei Yang , Yiou Wang , Yikun Wang , Yingjie Qi , Xiaolin He , Bonan Yan , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Weisheng Zhao

Today's computing systems require moving data back-and-forth between computing resources (e.g., CPUs, GPUs, accelerators) and off-chip main memory so that computation can take place on the data. Unfortunately, this data movement is a major…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Geraldo F. Oliveira , Amirali Boroumand , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Onur Mutlu

Data-intensive workloads and applications, such as machine learning (ML), are fundamentally limited by traditional computing systems based on the von-Neumann architecture. As data movement operations and energy consumption become key…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Mehdi Hassanpour , Marc Riera , Antonio González

Many modern workloads such as neural network inference and graph processing are fundamentally memory-bound. For such workloads, data movement between memory and CPU cores imposes a significant overhead in terms of both latency and energy. A…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Ivan Fernandez , Christina Giannoula , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Onur Mutlu

The increasing complexity and energy demands of deep learning models have highlighted the limitations of traditional computing architectures, especially for edge devices with constrained resources. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Wei-Ting Chen

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved great success in performing cognitive tasks. However, execution of CNNs requires a large amount of computing resources and generates heavy memory traffic, which imposes a severe challenge…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Jianlei Yang , Wenzhi Fu , Xingzhou Cheng , Xucheng Ye , Pengcheng Dai , Weisheng Zhao

Processing-in-Memory (PIM) architectures offer promising solutions for efficiently handling AI applications in energy-constrained edge environments. While traditional PIM designs enhance performance and energy efficiency by reducing data…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Sangmin Jeon , Kangju Lee , Kyeongwon Lee , Woojoo Lee

The AI problem has no solution in the environment of existing hardware stack and OS architecture. CPU-centric model of computation has a huge number of drawbacks that originate from memory hierarchy and obsolete architecture of the…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Viacheslav Dubeyko

As deep neural network (DNN) models are growing exponentially in size, their deployment on resource-constrained edge platforms is becoming increasingly challenging. In-memory-computing (IMC) with non-volatile memories (NVMs) has emerged as…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Imtiaz Ahmed , Sumeet Kumar Gupta

Processing large-scale graph datasets is computationally intensive and time-consuming. Processor-centric CPU and GPU architectures, commonly used for graph applications, often face bottlenecks caused by extensive data movement between the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Marzieh Barkhordar , Alireza Tabatabaeian , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Christina Giannoula , Juan Gomez Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Onur Mutlu , Alaa R. Alameldeen

Processing-in-memory (PIM), as a novel computing paradigm, provides significant performance benefits from the aspect of effective data movement reduction. SRAM-based PIM has been demonstrated as one of the most promising candidates due to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Cenlin Duan , Jianlei Yang , Xiaolin He , Yingjie Qi , Yikun Wang , Yiou Wang , Ziyan He , Bonan Yan , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Weitao Pan , Weisheng Zhao

Traditional neural networks require enormous amounts of data to build their complex mappings during a slow training procedure that hinders their abilities for relearning and adapting to new data. Memory-augmented neural networks enhance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Geethan Karunaratne , Manuel Schmuck , Manuel Le Gallo , Giovanni Cherubini , Luca Benini , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

Compute-Near-Memory (CNM) systems offer a promising approach to mitigate the von Neumann bottleneck by bringing computational units closer to data. However, optimizing for these architectures remains challenging due to their unique hardware…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Hamid Farzaneh , Asif Ali Khan , Jeronimo Castrillon

Recent advancements in deep learning have led to the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in applications such as computer vision and natural language processing. As neural networks become deeper and larger, AI modeling…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Eugene Tam , Shenfei Jiang , Paul Duan , Shawn Meng , Yue Pang , Cayden Huang , Yi Han , Jacke Xie , Yuanjun Cui , Jinsong Yu , Minggui Lu

Computing-in-memory (CIM) has attracted significant attentions in recent years due to its massive parallelism and low power consumption. However, current CIM designs suffer from large area overhead of small CIM macros and bad programmablity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Shu-Hung Kuo , Tian-Sheuan Chang

The speed of modern digital systems is severely limited by memory latency (the ``Memory Wall'' problem). Data exchange between Logic and Memory is also responsible for a large part of the system energy consumption. Logic--In--Memory (LiM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Fabrizio Ottati , Giovanna Turvani , Marco Vacca , Guido Masera

Human beings construct perception of space by integrating sparse observations into massively interconnected synapses and neurons, offering a superior parallelism and efficiency. Replicating this capability in AI finds wide applications in…

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