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The code generation capabilities of large language models(LLMs) have emerged as a critical dimension in evaluating their overall performance. However, prior research has largely overlooked the security risks inherent in the generated code.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Xinghang Li , Jingzhe Ding , Chao Peng , Bing Zhao , Xiang Gao , Hongwan Gao , Xinchen Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have increasingly become pivotal in content generation with notable societal impact. These models hold the potential to generate content that could be deemed harmful.Efforts to mitigate this risk include…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Kexin Chen , Yi Liu , Dongxia Wang , Jiaying Chen , Wenhai Wang

Background: While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved widespread adoption, malicious prompt engineering specifically "jailbreak attacks" poses severe security risks by inducing models to bypass internal safety mechanisms. Current…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Chutian Huang , Dake Cao , Jiacheng Ji , Yunlou Fan , Chengze Yan , Hanhui Xu

Jailbreak attacks are crucial for identifying and mitigating the security vulnerabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). They are designed to bypass safeguards and elicit prohibited outputs. However, due to significant differences among…

Developing Large Language Models (LLMs) with robust long-context capabilities has been the recent research focus, resulting in the emergence of long-context LLMs proficient in Chinese. However, the evaluation of these models remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zexuan Qiu , Jingjing Li , Shijue Huang , Xiaoqi Jiao , Wanjun Zhong , Irwin King

Recently, the DeepSeek series of models, leveraging their exceptional reasoning capabilities and open-source strategy, is reshaping the global AI landscape. Despite these advantages, they exhibit significant safety deficiencies. Research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Wenjing Zhang , Xuejiao Lei , Zhaoxiang Liu , Ning Wang , Zhenhong Long , Peijun Yang , Jiaojiao Zhao , Minjie Hua , Chaoyang Ma , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

As the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, evaluating their performance becomes increasingly crucial and challenging. This paper aims to bridge this gap by introducing CMMLU, a comprehensive Chinese benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Haonan Li , Yixuan Zhang , Fajri Koto , Yifei Yang , Hai Zhao , Yeyun Gong , Nan Duan , Timothy Baldwin

Although large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance for many language tasks, most of them can only handle texts a few thousand tokens long, limiting their applications on longer sequence inputs, such as books, reports,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yushi Bai , Xin Lv , Jiajie Zhang , Hongchang Lyu , Jiankai Tang , Zhidian Huang , Zhengxiao Du , Xiao Liu , Aohan Zeng , Lei Hou , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Juanzi Li

Current jailbreaking work on large language models (LLMs) aims to elicit unsafe outputs from given prompts. However, it only focuses on single-turn jailbreaking targeting one specific query. On the contrary, the advanced LLMs are designed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xianjun Yang , Liqiang Xiao , Shiyang Li , Faisal Ladhak , Hyokun Yun , Linda Ruth Petzold , Yi Xu , William Yang Wang

We introduce SimulBench, a benchmark designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs) across a diverse collection of creative simulation scenarios, such as acting as a Linux terminal or playing text games with users. While these simulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Qi Jia , Xiang Yue , Tianyu Zheng , Jie Huang , Bill Yuchen Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for their advanced text generation capabilities across various domains. However, like any software, they face security challenges, including the risk of 'jailbreak' attacks that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Jie Li , Yi Liu , Chongyang Liu , Ling Shi , Xiaoning Ren , Yaowen Zheng , Yang Liu , Yinxing Xue

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has heightened concerns about their security, particularly their vulnerability to jailbreak attacks that leverage crafted prompts to generate malicious outputs. While prior research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Haoyang Li , Huan Gao , Zhiyuan Zhao , Zhiyu Lin , Junyu Gao , Xuelong Li

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly integrated with various applications. To ensure that LLMs do not generate unsafe responses, they are aligned with safeguards that specify what content is restricted. However, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Hongyu Cai , Arjun Arunasalam , Leo Y. Lin , Antonio Bianchi , Z. Berkay Celik

With the rapid advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), securing these models against malicious inputs while aligning them with human values has emerged as a critical challenge. In this paper, we investigate an important…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Weidi Luo , Siyuan Ma , Xiaogeng Liu , Xiaoyu Guo , Chaowei Xiao

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they pose potential safety concerns, such as the ``jailbreak'' problem, wherein malicious instructions can manipulate LLMs to exhibit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yue Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Sinno Jialin Pan , Lidong Bing

Evaluating the safety alignment of LLM responses in high-risk mental health dialogues is particularly difficult due to missing gold-standard answers and the ethically sensitive nature of these interactions. To address this challenge, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yunna Cai , Fan Wang , Haowei Wang , Kun Wang , Kailai Yang , Sophia Ananiadou , Moyan Li , Mingming Fan

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the medical domain has stressed a compelling need for standard datasets to evaluate their question-answering (QA) performance. Although there have been several benchmark datasets for medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Qian Zhang , Panfeng Chen , Jiali Li , Linkun Feng , Shuyu Liu , Heng Zhao , Mei Chen , Hui Li , Yanhao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have gained widespread recognition for their superior comprehension and have been deployed across numerous domains. Building on Chain-of-Thought (CoT) ideology, Large Reasoning models (LRMs) further exhibit…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shiji Zhao , Ranjie Duan , Jiexi Liu , Xiaojun Jia , Fengxiang Wang , Cheng Wei , Ruoxi Cheng , Yong Xie , Chang Liu , Qing Guo , Jialing Tao , Hui Xue , Xingxing Wei

In deployment and application, large language models (LLMs) typically undergo safety alignment to prevent illegal and unethical outputs. However, the continuous advancement of jailbreak attack techniques, designed to bypass safety…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Chuhan Zhang , Ye Zhang , Bowen Shi , Yuyou Gan , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji , Dazhan Deng , Yingcai Wu

As software becomes increasingly complex and prone to vulnerabilities, automated vulnerability detection is critically important, yet challenging. Given the significant successes of large language models (LLMs) in various tasks, there is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Zeyu Gao , Hao Wang , Yuchen Zhou , Wenyu Zhu , Chao Zhang