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In the evolving landscape of sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are incorporating an unprecedented number of antenna elements, advancing towards Extremely large-scale…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Yuan Gao , Xinyu Guo , Han Li , Jianbo Du , Shugong Xu

The increasing demands for high-throughput and energy-efficient wireless communications are driving the adoption of extremely large antennas operating at high-frequency bands. In these regimes, multiple users will reside in the radiative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-30 Arad Gast , Luc Le Magoarou , Nir Shlezinger

This paper investigates beam training techniques for near-field (NF) extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAAs). Existing NF beam training methods predominantly rely on beam focusing, where the base station (BS) transmits highly spatially…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ran Li , Ziyi Xu , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang

Beamspace processing is an emerging technique to reduce baseband complexity in massive multiuser (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz frequencies. The high…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-16 Sueda Taner , Christoph Studer

Exploring channel dimensions has been the driving force behind breakthroughs in successive generations of mobile communication systems. In 5G, space division multiple access (SDMA) leveraging massive MIMO has been crucial in enhancing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-31 Haoyan Liu , Caijian Jie , Min Yang , Chengguang Li

Channel estimation and beamforming play critical roles in frequency-division duplexing (FDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. However, these two modules have been treated as two stand-alone components, which makes it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-04 Yifan Ma , Yifei Shen , Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , S. H. Song , Khaled B. Letaief

Holographic MIMO (hMIMO) systems with a massive number of individually controlled antennas N make minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimation particularly challenging, due to its computational complexity that scales as $N^3$ . This…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Antonio Alberto D'Amico , Giacomo Bacci , Luca Sanguinetti

Near-field communication comes to be an indispensable part of the future sixth generation (6G) communications at the arrival of the forth-coming deployment of extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems. Due to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Haochen Wu , Liyang Lu , Zhaocheng Wang

Wideband extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a promising technique to achieve Tbps data rates in future 6G systems through beamforming and spatial multiplexing. Due to the extensive bandwidth and the huge…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Mingyao Cui , Linglong Dai , Zhaocheng Wang , Shidong Zhou , Ning Ge

Extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays) and ultra-high frequencies are two key technologies for sixth-generation (6G) networks, offering higher system capacity and expanded bandwidth resources. To effectively combine these technologies, it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-14 Mianyi Zhang , Yunlong Cai , Jiaqi Xu , A. Lee Swindlehurst

The recent demonstration of a real-time direct imaging radio interferometry correlator represents a new capability in radio astronomy. However wide field imaging with this method is challenging since wide-field effects and array…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 James Kent , Adam P. Beardsley , Landman Bester , Steve F. Gull , Bojan Nikolic , Jayce Dowell , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , Greg B. Taylor , Judd Bowman

This paper proposes a new channel estimation scheme for the multiuser massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems in time-varying environment. We introduce a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) aided spatial-temporal basis expansion…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Hongxiang Xie , Feifei Gao , Shun Zhang , Shi Jin

This paper aims to address a common challenge in deep learning-based image transformation methods, such as image enhancement and super-resolution, which heavily rely on precisely aligned paired datasets with pixel-level alignments. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Zhangkai Ni , Juncheng Wu , Zian Wang , Wenhan Yang , Hanli Wang , Lin Ma

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, operating in the near-field region due to their massive antenna arrays, are key enablers of next-generation wireless communications but face significant challenges in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Tianqi Mao , Haiyang Li , Shufeng Tan , Pengyu Wang , Guangyao Liu , Ruiqi Liu , Leyi Zhang , Meng Hua , Dezhi Zheng , Zhaocheng Wang , Sheng Chen

Accurate channel model and channel estimation are essential to empower extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) in 6G networks with ultra-high spectral efficiency. With the sharp increase in the antenna array aperture of the XL-MIMO scenario,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yu Lu , Linglong Dai

Energy efficiency has emerged as a critical challenge in modern base stations (BSs), as the power amplifier (PA) consumes a substantial portion of the total power due to its limited efficiency. We investigate waveform and mode adaptation to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Jaebum Park , Chan-Byoung Chae , Robert W. Heath

The synergy between extremely large-scale antenna arrays and terahertz technology in sixth-generation networks establishes a near-field wideband transmission environment, enabling the generation of highly focused beams. To leverage this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Qianyu Yang , Haiyang Zhang , Francesco Guidi , Anna Guerra , Davide Dardari , Baoyun Wang , Yonina C. Eldar

In near-field extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, spherical wavefront propagation expands the traditional beam codebook into the joint angular-distance domain, rendering conventional beam training…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Mengyuan Li , Qianfan Lu , Jiachen Tian , Hongjun Hu , Yu Han , Xiao Li , Chao-kai Wen , Shi Jin

As Extremely large-scale array (XL-array) technology advances and carrier frequency rises, the near-field effects in communication are intensifying. In near-field conditions, channels exhibit a diffusion phenomenon in the angular domain,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 Hongbo Xing , Yuxiang Zhang , Jianhua Zhang , Huixin Xu , Guangyi Liu , Qixing Wang

Deep-learning (DL) has emerged as a powerful machine-learning technique for several classic problems encountered in generic wireless communications. Specifically, random Fourier Features (RFF) based deep-learning has emerged as an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Rangeet Mitra , Georges Kaddoum