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Ensuring large language model (LLM) reliability requires distinguishing objective unsolvability (inherent contradictions) from subjective capability limitations (tasks exceeding model competence). Current LLMs often conflate these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dengyun Peng , Qiguang Chen , Bofei Liu , Jiannan Guan , Libo Qin , Zheng Yan , Jinhao Liu , Jianshu Zhang , Wanxiang Che

The increasing complexity of large language models (LLMs) raises concerns about their ability to "cheat" on standard Question Answering (QA) benchmarks by memorizing task-specific data. This undermines the validity of benchmark evaluations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yixiong Fang , Tianran Sun , Yuling Shi , Min Wang , Xiaodong Gu

Automated knowledge graph (KG) construction is essential for navigating the rapidly expanding body of scientific literature. However, existing approaches struggle to recognize long multi-word entities, often fail to generalize across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Devvrat Joshi , Islem Rekik

Large language models (LLMs) require iterative updates to address the outdated information problem, where LLM unlearning offers an approach for selective removal. However, mainstream unlearning methods primarily rely on fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Miao Yu , Liang Lin , Guibin Zhang , Xinfeng Li , Junfeng Fang , Xingrui Yu , Ivor Tsang , Ningyu Zhang , Kun Wang , Yang Wang

Machine Unlearning (MUL) is crucial for privacy protection and content regulation, yet recent studies reveal that traces of forgotten information persist in unlearned models, enabling adversaries to resurface removed knowledge. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hao Xuan , Xingyu Li

In this work, we introduce Erasure of Language Memory (ELM), a principled approach to concept-level unlearning that operates by matching distributions defined by the model's own introspective classification capabilities. Our key insight is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Rohit Gandikota , Sheridan Feucht , Samuel Marks , David Bau

Recent advances in large reasoning models (LRMs) have enabled strong chain-of-thought (CoT) generation through test-time computation. While these multi-step reasoning capabilities represent a major milestone in language model performance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Changsheng Wang , Chongyu Fan , Yihua Zhang , Jinghan Jia , Dennis Wei , Parikshit Ram , Nathalie Baracaldo , Sijia Liu

Due to the widespread use of LLMs and the rising critical ethical and safety concerns, LLM unlearning methods have been developed to remove harmful knowledge and undesirable capabilities. In this context, evaluations are mostly based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yicheng Lang , Kehan Guo , Yue Huang , Yujun Zhou , Haomin Zhuang , Tianyu Yang , Yao Su , Xiangliang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) often require vast amounts of text to effectively acquire new knowledge. While continuing pre-training on large corpora or employing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has proven successful, updating an LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Hugo Abonizio , Thales Almeida , Roberto Lotufo , Rodrigo Nogueira

As the demand for exercising the "right to be forgotten" grows, the need for verifiable machine unlearning has become increasingly evident to ensure both transparency and accountability. We present {\em zkUnlearner}, the first…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Nan Wang , Nan Wu , Xiangyu Hui , Jiafan Wang , Xin Yuan

A large-scale knowledge graph enhances reproducibility in biomedical data discovery by providing a standardized, integrated framework that ensures consistent interpretation across diverse datasets. It improves generalizability by connecting…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-11 Suqi Liu , Tianxi Cai , Xiaoou Li

The integration of AI in education offers significant potential to enhance learning efficiency. Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and Llama, allow students to query a wide range of topics, providing unprecedented…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zhaoxing Li , Vahid Yazdanpanah , Jindi Wang , Wen Gu , Lei Shi , Alexandra I. Cristea , Sarah Kiden , Sebastian Stein

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) increasingly rely on retrieval to answer knowledge-intensive multimodal questions. Existing benchmarks overlook conflicts between visual and textual evidence and the importance of generating deflections…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Nicholas Moratelli , Christopher Davis , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Bill Byrne , Gonzalo Iglesias

Unlearning methods have the potential to improve the privacy and safety of large language models (LLMs) by removing sensitive or harmful information post hoc. The LLM unlearning research community has increasingly turned toward empirical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Pratiksha Thaker , Shengyuan Hu , Neil Kale , Yash Maurya , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

Machine unlearning strives to uphold the data owners' right to be forgotten by enabling models to selectively forget specific data. Recent advances suggest pre-computing and storing statistics extracted from second-order information and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Xinbao Qiao , Meng Zhang , Ming Tang , Ermin Wei

Semantic operators have increasingly become integrated within data systems to enable processing data using Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite significant recent effort in improving these operators, their accuracy is limited due to a…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Youran Sun , Sepanta Zeighami , Bhavya Chopra , Shreya Shankar , Aditya G. Parameswaran

Large language models (LLMs) may memorize sensitive or copyrighted content, raising significant privacy and legal concerns. While machine unlearning has emerged as a potential remedy, prevailing paradigms rely on user-provided forget sets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Wenxuan Li , Zhenfei Zhang , Mi Zhang , Geng Hong , Mi Wen , Xiaoyu You , Min Yang

Recent advancements in Machine Unlearning (MU) have introduced solutions to selectively remove certain training samples, such as those with outdated or sensitive information, from trained models. Despite these advancements, evaluation of MU…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Jiali Cheng , Hadi Amiri

High-quality datasets are fundamental to training and evaluating machine learning models, yet their creation-especially with accurate human annotations-remains a significant challenge. Many dataset paper submissions lack originality,…

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across many domains, their training on large-scale multimodal datasets raises serious privacy concerns, making effective machine unlearning increasingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuhang Wang , Wenjie Mei , Junkai Zhang , Guangyu He , Zhenxing Niu , Haichang Gao
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