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Ensuring native-like quality of large language model (LLM) responses across many languages is challenging. To address this, we introduce MENLO, a framework that operationalizes the evaluation of native-like response quality based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Chenxi Whitehouse , Sebastian Ruder , Tony Lin , Oksana Kurylo , Haruka Takagi , Janice Lam , Nicolò Busetto , Denise Diaz , Francisco Guzmán

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on benchmark tasks, especially in zero or few-shot settings. However, these benchmarks often do not adequately address the challenges posed in the real-world,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Rohan Bhambhoria , Lei Chen , Xiaodan Zhu

LLM-based shopping agents increasingly rely on long purchase histories and multi-turn interactions for personalization, yet naively appending raw history to prompts is often ineffective due to noise, length, and relevance mismatch. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhiyuan Peng , Xuyang Wu , Huaixiao Tou , Yi Fang , Yu Gong

Alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) aims to align outputs with human preferences, and personalized alignment further adapts models to individual users. This relies on personalized reward models that capture user-specific preferences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hongru Cai , Yongqi Li , Tiezheng Yu , Fengbin Zhu , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Wenjie Li

Test collections are information-retrieval tools that allow researchers to quickly and easily evaluate ranking algorithms. While test collections have become an integral part of IR research, the process of data creation involves significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Rikiya Takehi , Ellen M. Voorhees , Tetsuya Sakai , Ian Soboroff

Current alignment pipelines presume a single, universal notion of desirable behavior. However, human preferences often diverge across users, contexts, and cultures. As a result, disagreement collapses into the majority signal and minority…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Daniel Halpern , Evi Micha , Ariel D. Procaccia , Itai Shapira

As large language models (LLMs) are applied across diverse domains, the ability to selectively unlearn specific information is becoming increasingly essential. For instance, LLMs are expected to selectively provide confidential information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shota Takashiro , Takeshi Kojima , Andrew Gambardella , Qi Cao , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

High annotation costs from hiring or crowdsourcing complicate the creation of large, high-quality datasets needed for training reliable text classifiers. Recent research suggests using Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the annotation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Tomas Horych , Christoph Mandl , Terry Ruas , Andre Greiner-Petter , Bela Gipp , Akiko Aizawa , Timo Spinde

This paper presents LEMR (Label-Efficient Model Ranking) and introduces the MoraBench Benchmark. LEMR is a novel framework that minimizes the need for costly annotations in model selection by strategically annotating instances from an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhengyu Hu , Jieyu Zhang , Yue Yu , Yuchen Zhuang , Hui Xiong

Most existing approaches for zero pronoun resolution are heavily relying on annotated data, which is often released by shared task organizers. Therefore, the lack of annotated data becomes a major obstacle in the progress of zero pronoun…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Ting Liu , Yiming Cui , Qingyu Yin , Weinan Zhang , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

Entity linking (mapping ambiguous mentions in text to entities in a knowledge base) is a foundational step in tasks such as knowledge graph construction, question-answering, and information extraction. Our method, LELA, is a modular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Samy Haffoudhi , Fabian M. Suchanek , Nils Holzenberger

Traditional text classification approaches often require a good amount of labeled data, which is difficult to obtain, especially in restricted domains or less widespread languages. This lack of labeled data has led to the rise of…

High-quality instruction-tuning data is crucial for developing Large Language Models (LLMs) that can effectively navigate real-world tasks and follow human instructions. While synthetic data generation offers a scalable approach for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shuhaib Mehri , Xiusi Chen , Heng Ji , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced information extraction (IE) by enabling zero-shot and few-shot named entity recognition (NER), yet their generative outputs still show persistent and systematic errors. Despite progress through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Siun Kim , Hyung-Jin Yoon

Data annotation and synthesis generally refers to the labeling or generating of raw data with relevant information, which could be used for improving the efficacy of machine learning models. The process, however, is labor-intensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Zhen Tan , Dawei Li , Song Wang , Alimohammad Beigi , Bohan Jiang , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Mansooreh Karami , Jundong Li , Lu Cheng , Huan Liu

Numerous real-world decisions rely on machine learning algorithms and require calibrated uncertainty estimates. However, modern methods often yield overconfident, uncalibrated predictions. The dominant approach to quantifying the…

The field of preference optimization has made outstanding contributions to the alignment of language models with human preferences. Despite these advancements, recent methods still rely heavily on substantial paired (labeled) feedback data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Seonggyun Lee , Sungjun Lim , Seojin Park , Soeun Cheon , Kyungwoo Song

We propose a zero-shot learning relation classification (ZSLRC) framework that improves on state-of-the-art by its ability to recognize novel relations that were not present in training data. The zero-shot learning approach mimics the way…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Jiaying Gong , Hoda Eldardiry

Learning algorithms normally assume that there is at most one annotation or label per data point. However, in some scenarios, such as medical diagnosis and on-line collaboration,multiple annotations may be available. In either case,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Yan Yan , Romer Rosales , Glenn Fung , Jennifer Dy

A prominent issue in aligning language models (LMs) to personalized preferences is underspecification -- the lack of information from users about their preferences. A popular trend of injecting such specification is adding a prefix (e.g.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zilu Tang , Afra Feyza Akyürek , Ekin Akyürek , Derry Wijaya