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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across various reasoning tasks, yet post-training is constrained by inefficient sample utilization and inflexible difficulty samples processing. To address these limitations,…

We present chain-of-knowledge (CoK), a novel framework that augments large language models (LLMs) by dynamically incorporating grounding information from heterogeneous sources. It results in more factual rationales and reduced hallucination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Xingxuan Li , Ruochen Zhao , Yew Ken Chia , Bosheng Ding , Shafiq Joty , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

Both graph structures and textual information play a critical role in Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC). With the success of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) such as BERT, they have been applied for text encoding for KGC. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Yuxia Geng , Jiaoyan Chen , Yuhang Zeng , Zhuo Chen , Wen Zhang , Jeff Z. Pan , Yuxiang Wang , Xiaoliang Xu

Embedding based Knowledge Graph (KG) Completion has gained much attention over the past few years. Most of the current algorithms consider a KG as a multidirectional labeled graph and lack the ability to capture the semantics underlying the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Mehwish Alam , Frank van Harmelen , Maribel Acosta

Knowledge tracing (KT) defines the task of predicting whether students can correctly answer questions based on their historical response. Although much research has been devoted to exploiting the question information, plentiful advanced…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Yunfei Liu , Yang Yang , Xianyu Chen , Jian Shen , Haifeng Zhang , Yong Yu

Knowledge graphs (KGs) are vital for knowledge-intensive tasks and have shown promise in reducing hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). However, constructing high-quality KGs remains difficult, requiring accurate information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ruirui Chen , Weifeng Jiang , Chengwei Qin , Bo Xiong , Fiona Liausvia , Dongkyu Choi , Boon Kiat Quek

API recommendation methods have evolved from literal and semantic keyword matching to query expansion and query clarification. The latest query clarification method is knowledge graph (KG)-based, but limitations include out-of-vocabulary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Qing Huang , Zhenyu Wan , Zhenchang Xing , Changjing Wang , Jieshan Chen , Xiwei Xu , Qinghua Lu

Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) has emerged as a promising solution to address the issue of incompleteness within Knowledge Graphs (KGs). Traditional KGC research primarily centers on triple classification and link prediction.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jiayi Li , Ruilin Luo , Jiaqi Sun , Jing Xiao , Yujiu Yang

Generative Knowledge Graph Construction (KGC) refers to those methods that leverage the sequence-to-sequence framework for building knowledge graphs, which is flexible and can be adapted to widespread tasks. In this study, we summarize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Hongbin Ye , Ningyu Zhang , Hui Chen , Huajun Chen

Competency question (CQ) formulation is central to several ontology development and evaluation methodologies. Traditionally, the task of crafting these competency questions heavily relies on the effort of domain experts and knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Xueli Pan , Jacco van Ossenbruggen , Victor de Boer , Zhisheng Huang

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is a task of tracing evolving knowledge state of students with respect to one or more concepts as they engage in a sequence of learning activities. One important purpose of KT is to personalize the practice sequence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-02-20 Jiani Zhang , Xingjian Shi , Irwin King , Dit-Yan Yeung

Clinical natural language processing requires methods that can address domain-specific challenges, such as complex medical terminology and clinical contexts. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in this domain. Yet,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ran Xu , Hejie Cui , Yue Yu , Xuan Kan , Wenqi Shi , Yuchen Zhuang , Wei Jin , Joyce Ho , Carl Yang

Continual learning (CL) aims to enable learning systems to acquire new knowledge constantly without forgetting previously learned information. CL faces the challenge of mitigating catastrophic forgetting while maintaining interpretability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Lu Yu , Haoyu Han , Zhe Tao , Hantao Yao , Changsheng Xu

Open-ended coding tasks, which ask students to construct programs according to certain specifications, are common in computer science education. Student modeling can be challenging since their open-ended nature means that student code can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zhangqi Duan , Nigel Fernandez , Alexander Hicks , Andrew Lan

Recent work exploring the capabilities of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated their ability to act as general pattern machines by completing complex token sequences representing a wide array of tasks, including…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Seyed Parsa Neshaei , Richard Lee Davis , Adam Hazimeh , Bojan Lazarevski , Pierre Dillenbourg , Tanja Käser

Evaluating the quality of automatically generated question items has been a long standing challenge. In this paper, we leverage LLMs to simulate student profiles and generate responses to multiple-choice questions (MCQs). The generative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xinyi Lu , Xu Wang

Knowledge tagging for questions is vital in modern intelligent educational applications, including learning progress diagnosis, practice question recommendations, and course content organization. Traditionally, these annotations have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Hang Li , Tianlong Xu , Ethan Chang , Qingsong Wen

Instruction tuning for large language models (LLMs) can drive them to produce results consistent with human goals in specific downstream tasks. However, the process of continual instruction tuning (CIT) for LLMs may bring about the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yongquan He , Wenyuan Zhang , Xuancheng Huang , Peng Zhang , Lingxun Meng , Xiang Zhou , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) revolves around populating missing triples in a knowledge graph using available information. Text-based methods, which depend on textual descriptions of triples, often encounter difficulties when these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Haotian Li , Bin Yu , Yuliang Wei , Kai Wang , Richard Yi Da Xu , Bailing Wang

Knowledge tracing (KT) plays a crucial role in predicting students' future performance by analyzing their historical learning processes. Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown great potential in solving the KT problem. However, there still…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Hengyuan Zhang , Zitao Liu , Chenming Shang , Dawei Li , Yong Jiang