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Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has enabled the development of autonomous web agents capable of navigating and interacting with real websites. However, evaluating such agents remains challenging due to the instability and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zihao Sun , Ling Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) possess extensive knowledge and exhibit promising reasoning abilities, however, they still struggle to perform well in complex, dynamic environments. Real-world tasks require…

AI agents deployed as persistent assistants must maintain correct beliefs as their information environment evolves. In practice, evidence is scattered across heterogeneous sources that often contradict one another, new information can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haonian Ji , Kaiwen Xiong , Siwei Han , Peng Xia , Shi Qiu , Yiyang Zhou , Jiaqi Liu , Jinlong Li , Bingzhou Li , Zeyu Zheng , Cihang Xie , Huaxiu Yao

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled agents to operate in open-ended web and operating system environments. However, existing benchmarks predominantly target consumer-oriented scenarios (e.g., e-commerce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ying Mo , Yu Bai , Dapeng Sun , Yuqian Shi , Yukai Miao , Li Chen , Dan Li

Mobile GUI agents powered by large language models have progressed rapidly, creating urgent needs for realistic and comprehensive evaluation. Existing benchmarks prioritize reproducibility but are often limited to open-source apps or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Guohong Liu , Jialei Ye , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Yunxin Liu , Yuanchun Li

We present TextAtari, a benchmark for evaluating language agents on very long-horizon decision-making tasks spanning up to 100,000 steps. By translating the visual state representations of classic Atari games into rich textual descriptions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wenhao Li , Wenwu Li , Chuyun Shen , Junjie Sheng , Zixiao Huang , Di Wu , Yun Hua , Wei Yin , Xiangfeng Wang , Hongyuan Zha , Bo Jin

Web agents such as Deep Research have demonstrated superhuman cognitive abilities, capable of solving highly challenging information-seeking problems. However, most research remains primarily text-centric, overlooking visual information in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Xinyu Geng , Peng Xia , Zhen Zhang , Xinyu Wang , Qiuchen Wang , Ruixue Ding , Chenxi Wang , Jialong Wu , Yida Zhao , Kuan Li , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

In this work, we present a multi-tool evaluation of 106 deployed web-based chatbots, across domains like healthcare, education and customer service, comprising both standalone applications and embedded widgets using automated tools (Google…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Mukesh Rajmohan , Smit Desai , Sanchari Das

Agentic Web is an emerging paradigm where autonomous agents help users use online information. As the paradigm develops, content providers are also deploying agents to manage their data and serve it through controlled interfaces. This shift…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shanshan Zhong , Kate Shen , Chenyan Xiong

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and multimodal counterparts have spurred significant interest in developing web agents -- AI systems capable of autonomously navigating and completing tasks within web environments. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Xing Han Lù , Gaurav Kamath , Marius Mosbach , Siva Reddy

Learning agents that are not only capable of taking tests, but also innovating is becoming a hot topic in AI. One of the most promising paths towards this vision is multi-agent learning, where agents act as the environment for each other,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Yuhang Song , Andrzej Wojcicki , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Jianyi Wang , Abi Aryan , Zhenghua Xu , Mai Xu , Zihan Ding , Lianlong Wu

Reasoning is not just about solving problems -- it is also about evaluating which problems are worth solving at all. Evaluations of artificial intelligence (AI) systems primarily focused on problem solving, historically by studying how…

Even though demonstrating extraordinary capabilities in code generation and software issue resolving, AI agents' capabilities in the full software DevOps cycle are still unknown. Different from pure code generation, handling the DevOps…

Multimodal Large Language models (MLLMs) have shown promise in web-related tasks, but evaluating their performance in the web domain remains a challenge due to the lack of comprehensive benchmarks. Existing benchmarks are either designed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Junpeng Liu , Yifan Song , Bill Yuchen Lin , Wai Lam , Graham Neubig , Yuanzhi Li , Xiang Yue

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) agents into web browsers introduces security challenges that go beyond traditional web application threat models. Prior work has identified prompt injection as a new attack vector for web…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Kaiyuan Zhang , Mark Tenenholtz , Kyle Polley , Jerry Ma , Denis Yarats , Ninghui Li

The emergence of AI-driven web automation through Large Language Models (LLMs) offers unprecedented opportunities for optimizing digital workflows. However, deploying such systems within industry's real-world environments presents four core…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ankur Tomar , Hengyue Liang , Indranil Bhattacharya , Natalia Larios , Francesco Carbone

Artificial intelligence systems are increasingly deployed in biomedical research. However, current evaluation frameworks may inadequately assess their effectiveness as research collaborators. This rapid review examines benchmarking…

Modern AI benchmarks operate at a complexity that outpaces traditional verification methods. Tasks authored by domain experts often contain implicit assumptions, incomplete environment specifications, and brittle evaluation logic that human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Junlin Wang , Federico Bianchi , Shang Zhu , Fan Nie , Yongchan Kwon , Bhuwan Dhingra , James Zou

Autonomous agents and systems cover a number of application areas, from robotics and digital assistants to combinatorial optimization, all sharing common, unresolved research challenges. It is not sufficient for agents to merely solve a…

While much work on web agents emphasizes the promise of autonomously performing tasks on behalf of users, in reality, agents often fall short on complex tasks in real-world contexts and modeling user preference. This presents an opportunity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Faria Huq , Zora Zhiruo Wang , Frank F. Xu , Tianyue Ou , Shuyan Zhou , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Graham Neubig