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CLIP is a discriminative model trained to align images and text in a shared embedding space. Due to its multimodal structure, it serves as the backbone of many generative pipelines, where a decoder is trained to map from the shared space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Antonio D'Orazio , Maria Rosaria Briglia , Donato Crisostomi , Dario Loi , Emanuele Rodolà , Iacopo Masi

Video understanding has shown remarkable improvements in recent years, largely dependent on the availability of large scaled labeled datasets. Recent advancements in visual-language models, especially based on contrastive pretraining, have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Shreyank N Gowda , Boyan Gao , Xiao Gu , Xiaobo Jin

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) delivers strong cross modal generalization by aligning images and texts in a shared embedding space, yet it persistently fails at compositional reasoning over objects, attributes, and relations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Ziliang Chen , Tianang Xiao , Jusheng Zhang , Yongsen Zheng , Xipeng Chen

The success of contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) relies on the supervision from the pairing between images and captions, which tends to be noisy in web-crawled data. We present Mixture of Data Experts (MoDE) and learn a system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Jiawei Ma , Po-Yao Huang , Saining Xie , Shang-Wen Li , Luke Zettlemoyer , Shih-Fu Chang , Wen-Tau Yih , Hu Xu

Modern generative models exhibit unprecedented capabilities to generate extremely realistic data. However, given the inherent compositionality of the real world, reliable use of these models in practical applications requires that they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Maya Okawa , Ekdeep Singh Lubana , Robert P. Dick , Hidenori Tanaka

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been shown to learn visual representations with great transferability, which achieves promising accuracy for zero-shot classification. To further improve its downstream performance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Ziyu Guo , Renrui Zhang , Longtian Qiu , Xianzheng Ma , Xupeng Miao , Xuming He , Bin Cui

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) requires a model to both classify known categories and cluster unknown categories in unlabeled data. Prior methods leveraged self-supervised pre-training combined with supervised fine-tuning on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Rabah Ouldnoughi , Chia-Wen Kuo , Zsolt Kira

A growing body of research has demonstrated the inability of NLP models to generalize compositionally and has tried to alleviate it through specialized architectures, training schemes, and data augmentation, among other approaches. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Shivanshu Gupta , Sameer Singh , Matt Gardner

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) has attracted widespread attention for its multimodal generalizable knowledge, which is significant for downstream tasks. However, the computational overhead of a large number of parameters and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Ruiming Chen , Junming Yang , Shiyu Xia , Xu Yang , Jing Wang , Xin Geng

Deep learning models require an enormous amount of data for training. However, recently there is a shift in machine learning from model-centric to data-centric approaches. In data-centric approaches, the focus is to refine and improve the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Muhammad Asif Khan , Ridha Hamila , Hamid Menouar

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP are trained via contrastive learning between text and image pairs, resulting in aligned image and text embeddings that are useful for many downstream tasks. A notable drawback of CLIP, however, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Dylan Sam , Devin Willmott , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Class-incremental learning is a challenging problem, where the goal is to train a model that can classify data from an increasing number of classes over time. With the advancement of vision-language pre-trained models such as CLIP, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Linlan Huang , Xusheng Cao , Haori Lu , Xialei Liu

Real-world applications of machine learning models often confront data distribution shifts, wherein discrepancies exist between the training and test data distributions. In the common multi-domain multi-class setup, as the number of classes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Haoxiang Wang , Haozhe Si , Huajie Shao , Han Zhao

Despite their strong performance on many tasks, pre-trained language models have been shown to struggle on out-of-distribution compositional generalization. Meanwhile, recent work has shown considerable improvements on many NLP tasks from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Linlu Qiu , Peter Shaw , Panupong Pasupat , Tianze Shi , Jonathan Herzig , Emily Pitler , Fei Sha , Kristina Toutanova

According to the principle of compositional generalization, the meaning of a complex expression can be understood as a function of the meaning of its parts and of how they are combined. This principle is crucial for human language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Sungjun Han , Sebastian Padó

Image-text contrastive models like CLIP have wide applications in zero-shot classification, image-text retrieval, and transfer learning. However, they often struggle on compositional visio-linguistic tasks (e.g., attribute-binding or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Samyadeep Basu , Shell Xu Hu , Maziar Sanjabi , Daniela Massiceti , Soheil Feizi

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in applying deep learning techniques to animal behavior recognition, particularly leveraging pre-trained visual language models, such as CLIP, due to their remarkable generalization capacity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Enmin Zhong , Carlos R. del-Blanco , Daniel Berjón , Fernando Jaureguizar , Narciso García

Large pre-trained vision-language models such as CLIP provide compact and general-purpose representations of text and images that are demonstrably effective across multiple downstream zero-shot prediction tasks. However, owing to the nature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Sepehr Dehdashtian , Lan Wang , Vishnu Naresh Boddeti

We introduce a simple method that employs pre-trained CLIP encoders to enhance model generalization in the ALFRED task. In contrast to previous literature where CLIP replaces the visual encoder, we suggest using CLIP as an additional module…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Ye Won Byun , Cathy Jiao , Shahriar Noroozizadeh , Jimin Sun , Rosa Vitiello

Recent works utilize CLIP to perform the challenging unsupervised semantic segmentation task where only images without annotations are available. However, we observe that when adopting CLIP to such a pixel-level understanding task,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jingyun Wang , Guoliang Kang